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In line with research on relational maintenance and the communicate bond belong theory, a need for connection can drive individuals to reach out to relational partners through mobile and social media, which might boost overall well-being. Using 3 longitudinal datasets that differ by time period (i.e., 6 years, 1 year, 1 month) and context (i.e., older adults\u2019 pandemic-era communication, college student communication with friends, daily diary study of social media use), we test whether change in sociality moderates the association between frequency of mobile and social media use and well-being. In contrast to our hypothesis, when experiencing declines in sociality, the use of mobile and social media was either unrelated to well-being or associated with a decline in well-being. These findings challenge long-held assumptions about relational maintenance through media.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jcmc\/zmaf019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T05:05:38Z","timestamp":1762837538000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["How change in sociality over time moderates the association between mobile and social media use and well-being"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8252-3184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey A","family":"Hall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication Studies, University of Kansas , Lawrence, KS,","place":["United States"]}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Pennington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Communication Studies, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, CO,","place":["United 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