{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T19:30:44Z","timestamp":1768073444472,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]],"date-time":"2024-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ORACLE","award":["PCI2020-120691-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PCI2020-120691-2"]}]},{"name":"ORACLE","award":["MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033"]}]},{"name":"QURSA","award":["TED2021-130369B-C33"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TED2021-130369B-C33"]}]},{"name":"QURSA","award":["MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033"]}]},{"name":"European Union \u2018NextGenerationEU\u2019\/PRTR","award":["PID2020-112586RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-112586RB-I00"]}]},{"name":"European Union \u2018NextGenerationEU\u2019\/PRTR","award":["MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033"]}]},{"name":"EU Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme","award":["952622"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["952622"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Code-based cryptography is currently the second most promising post-quantum mathematical tool for quantum-resistant algorithms. Since in 2022 the first post-quantum standard Key Encapsulation Mechanism, Kyber (a latticed-based algorithm), was selected to be established as standard, and after that the National Institute of Standards and Technology post-quantum standardization call focused in code-based cryptosystems. Three of the four candidates that remain in the fourth round are code-based algorithms. In fact, the only non-code-based algorithm (SIKE) is now considered vulnerable. Due to this landscape, it is crucial to update previous results about these algorithms and their functioning. The Fujisaki-Okamoto transformation is a key part of the study of post-quantum algorithms and in this work we focus our analysis on Classic McEliece, BIKE and HQC proposals, and how they apply this transformation to obtain IND-CCA semantic security. Since after security the most important parameter in the evaluation of the algorithms is performance, we have compared the performance of the code-based algorithms of the NIST call considering the same architecture for all of them.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jigpal\/jzae071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,19]],"date-time":"2024-04-19T11:35:09Z","timestamp":1713526509000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Structural analysis of code-based algorithms of the NIST post-quantum call"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"M A","family":"Gonz\u00c1lez de la Torre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physical and Information Technologies (ITEFI) Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L Hern\u00c1ndez","family":"Encinas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physical and Information Technologies (ITEFI) Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J I S\u00e1nchez","family":"Garc\u00cda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physical and Information Technologies (ITEFI) Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092511014026700_ref1","article-title":"HQC (Hamming Quasi-Cyclic)","author":"Aguilar Melchor","year":"2021"},{"key":"2025092511014026700_ref2","article-title":"Classic McEliece: conservative code-based cryptography","author":"Albrecht","year":"2020"},{"key":"2025092511014026700_ref3","article-title":"BIKE (Bit Flipping Key Encapsulation)","author":"Aragon","year":"2021"},{"key":"2025092511014026700_ref4","article-title":"Towards KEM unification","author":"Bernstein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cryptology ePrint Archive"},{"key":"2025092511014026700_ref5","article-title":"On the applicability of the Fujisaki-Okamoto transformation to the BIKE KEM","author":"Drucker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cryptology ePrint Archive"},{"key":"2025092511014026700_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-48405-1_34","article-title":"Secure integration of asymmetric and symmetric encryption schemes","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Cryptology Conference, Advances in Cryptology - CRYPTO\u201999, Lecture Notes Comput. Sci., vol. 1666","author":"Fujisaki","year":"1999"},{"key":"2025092511014026700_ref7","first-page":"75","article-title":"About the Fujisaki-Okamoto transformation in the code-based algorithms of the NIST post-quantum call","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Joint Conference, 15th International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Security for Information Systems (CISIS 2022), 13th International Conference on European Transnational Education (ICEUTE 2022), Lecture Notes Netw. Syst. vol. 523","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez de la Torre","year":"2022"},{"key":"2025092511014026700_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2967","DOI":"10.3390\/math10162967","article-title":"Analysis of the FO transformation in the lattice-based post-quantum algorithms","volume":"10","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez de la Torre","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"key":"2025092511014026700_ref9","first-page":"341","article-title":"A modular analysis of the Fujisaki-Okamoto transformation","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 15th International Conference Theory of Cryptography TCC\u20192017, Lecture Notes Comput. 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Sci., vol. 10822","author":"Saito","year":"2018"},{"key":"2025092511014026700_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1137\/S0036144598347011","article-title":"Polynomial-time algorithms for prime factorization and discrete logarithms on a quantum computer","volume":"41","author":"Shor","year":"1999","journal-title":"SIAM Review"}],"container-title":["Logic Journal of the IGPL"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jigpal\/article-pdf\/33\/5\/jzae071\/58080130\/jzae071.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jigpal\/article-pdf\/33\/5\/jzae071\/58080130\/jzae071.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T15:01:51Z","timestamp":1758812511000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jigpal\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/jigpal\/jzae071\/7686751"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jigpal\/jzae071","relation":{},"ISSN":["1367-0751","1368-9894"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1367-0751","type":"print"},{"value":"1368-9894","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]},"article-number":"jzae071"}}