{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T12:15:00Z","timestamp":1774354500932,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Photosensitivity is a neurological condition in which the brain produces epileptic reactions known as Photoparoxysmal Responses (PPR) to certain visual stimuli, which may trigger epileptic seizures in the worst cases. This pathology is diagnosed through a standardized protocol called Intermittent Photic Stimulation consisting of stimulating the patient with a flashing light while recording the brain activity by Electroencephalogram (EEG) until a PPR is triggered. Due to the nature of the stimulation process and the photosensitivity\u2019s low prevalence, the automatic detection of PPR becomes a highly unbalanced problem where PPR activity can be considered as anomalous activity surrounded by large portions of normal brain activity. This research proposes the use of a Variational Autoencoder (VAE) to extract features from the EEG segments by reducing them into the latent space to train several Anomaly Detection models proposed by the literature and compare their PPR detection performance. Results show that no AD model could detect any PPR activity correctly while the VAE model, also used for this task in our previous research, reached Accuracy, Sensitivity, and Specificity values of around 85%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jigpal\/jzaf047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T09:42:49Z","timestamp":1747993369000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Anomaly detection comparison for photo-paroxysmal response detection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Fernando","family":"Moncada Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Department and Biomedical Engineering Center, University of Oviedo , Gij\u00f3n, 33203, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V\u00edctor M","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Department and Biomedical Engineering Center, University of Oviedo , Gij\u00f3n, 33203, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 R","family":"Villar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science Department and Biomedical Engineering Center, University of Oviedo , Gij\u00f3n, 33203, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Antonia","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurophysiology Service, Cabue\u00f1es University Hospital , Gij\u00f3n, 33394, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Calvo Calleja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurophysiology Service, Cabue\u00f1es University Hospital , Gij\u00f3n, 33394, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Urdiales S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurophysiology Service, Cabue\u00f1es University Hospital , Gij\u00f3n, 33394, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"D\u00edaz P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurophysiology Service, Cabue\u00f1es University Hospital , Gij\u00f3n, 33394, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alinne","family":"Dalla-Porta Acosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurophysiology Service, Cabue\u00f1es University Hospital , Gij\u00f3n, 33394, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026032406503298300_ref1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Photosensitivity in epilepsy. 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