{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T15:43:20Z","timestamp":1768405400938,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012325","name":"National Social Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20AD005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20AD005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012325","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Kunqu, one of the oldest forms of Chinese opera, features a unique artistic expression arising from the interplay between vocal melody and the tonal quality of its lyrics. Identifying Kunqu\u2019s character tone trend (vocal melodies derived from tonal quality of the lyrics) is critical to understanding and preserving this art form. Traditional research methods, which rely on qualitative descriptions by musicologists, have often been debated due to their subjective nature. In this study, we present a novel approach to analyze the character tone trend in Kunqu by employing computer modeling machine learning techniques. By extracting the character tone trend of Kunqu using computational modeling methods and employing machine learning techniques to apply cluster analysis on Kunqu\u2019s character tone melody, our model uncovers musical structural patterns between singing and speech, validating and refining the qualitative findings of musicologists. Furthermore, our model can automatically assess whether a piece adheres to the rhythmic norms of \u2018the integration of literature and music\u2019 in Kunqu, thus contributing to the digitization, creation, and preservation of this important cultural heritage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/llc\/fqad074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T23:07:03Z","timestamp":1697756823000},"page":"393-408","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Research on character tone trend clustering of Kunqu Opera based on quantum adaptive genetic algorithm"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9845-9351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Tian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Art, Culture and Tourism Industry Think Tank Chinese Art Evaluation Institute, Southeast University , Nanjing, China"}]},{"given":"Ruheng","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Art, Culture and Tourism Industry Think Tank Chinese Art Evaluation Institute, Southeast University , Nanjing, China"}]},{"given":"Junrong","family":"Ban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Art, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing, China"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024040210383110200_fqad074-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1080\/17459737.2019.1622810","article-title":"Classification of Turkish Makam Music: A Topological Approach\u2019,","volume":"13","author":"Aktas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Mathematics and Music"},{"key":"2024040210383110200_fqad074-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1080\/17459737.2020.1763488","article-title":"Musical Pitch Quantization as an Eigenvalue 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