{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T21:51:13Z","timestamp":1740174673241,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The increased emphasis on language and ethnicity among German immigrants in the USA at the beginning of the 20th century resulted from inter-ethnic competition as well as assimilation pressures on Germans as a minority in American society. Following the unification of Germany and the improvement of German international status, Germans in America claimed superiority of German culture; middle-class advocates attempted to build a more united German-American community, fighting for a stronger voice on issues such as prohibition and German language education. These processes eventually led to the establishment of the National German-American Alliance in Philadelphia in 1901. The present article employs topic modeling and GIS techniques to examine the little-known conference proceedings of the Alliance and discuss Prince Heinrich \u201cHenry\u201d of Prussia\u2019s 1902 visit to the USA. On the humanities side, we foreground the dynamics of the German diaspora who sought their own ethnic uniqueness and constructed historical memory during this period. On the digital side, we discuss different statistical evaluations of topic models as well as their applicability within a small corpus research framework.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/llc\/fqad102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T02:56:52Z","timestamp":1704941812000},"page":"430-445","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mapping Germanness in early 20th century USA: topic modeling and GIS within a small corpus framework"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4948-0514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sijie","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of History, Nanjing University , No. 163, Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5466-2423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maciej","family":"Kurzynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Advanced Institute for Global Chinese Studies, Lingnan University , 8 Castle Peak Rd, Tuen Mun, NT, Hong Kong, China"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]]},"reference":[{"year":"1902, 05","author":"Anonymous.","key":"2024040210384665200_fqad102-B151"},{"year":"1902, 05","author":"Anonymous.","key":"2024040210384665200_fqad102-B152"},{"key":"2024040210384665200_fqad102-B1","first-page":"287","article-title":"Marion Dexter Learned and the German American Historical Society\u2019,","volume":"86","author":"Appel","year":"1962","journal-title":"The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024040210384665200_fqad102-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2021.101224","article-title":"Robustness, Replicability and Scalability in Topic Modelling","volume":"16","author":"Ballester","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Informetrics,"},{"key":"2024040210384665200_fqad102-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3167\/9780857455123","volume-title":"Women of Two Countries: German-American Women, Women\u2019s Rights, and Nativism, 1848\u20131890","author":"Bank","year":"2012"},{"key":"2024040210384665200_fqad102-B4","first-page":"231","article-title":"Illinois Germans and the Coming of the Civil War: Reshaping Ethnic Identity","volume":"109","author":"Bearden-White","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society"},{"key":"2024040210384665200_fqad102-B5","first-page":"993","article-title":"Latent Dirichlet Allocation","volume":"3","author":"Blei","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"2024040210384665200_fqad102-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1145\/2133806.2133826","article-title":"Probabilistic Topic Models","volume":"55","author":"Blei","year":"2012","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"key":"2024040210384665200_fqad102-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1561\/1500000030","article-title":"Applications of Topic Models',","volume":"11","author":"Boyd-Graber","year":"2017","journal-title":"Foundations and Trends\u00ae in Information Retrieval"},{"key":"2024040210384665200_fqad102-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.30965\/9783657781850","volume-title":"Festkultur und Ged\u00e4chtnis: die Konstruktion einer deutschamerikanischen Ethnizit\u00e4t 1848\u20131914","author":"Bungert","year":"2016"},{"first-page":"288","year":"2009","author":"Chang","key":"2024040210384665200_fqad102-B9"},{"volume-title":"\u00dcber die Deutschen: Eine kleine Kulturgeschichte","year":"2007","author":"Demandt","key":"2024040210384665200_fqad102-B10"},{"volume-title":"German Culture in Nineteenth-Century America: Reception, Adaptation, Transformation","year":"2005","author":"Erlin","key":"2024040210384665200_fqad102-B11"},{"volume-title":"Rethinking German History: Nineteenth-Century Germany and the Origins of the Third Reich","year":"1987","author":"Evans","key":"2024040210384665200_fqad102-B12"},{"volume-title":"Die politische Funktionalisierung der Kultur: Der sogenannte \u201edeutsch-amerikanische \u201cProfessorenaustausch von 1904\u20131914","year":"1998","author":"Fiebig-von Hase","key":"2024040210384665200_fqad102-B13"},{"volume-title":"Deutsche Arbeit in Amerika","year":"1930","author":"Francke","key":"2024040210384665200_fqad102-B14"},{"key":"2024040210384665200_fqad102-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-017-2296-z","article-title":"Same Data\u2014Different Results? 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