{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T14:48:57Z","timestamp":1764859737315,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Social Science Funds of China","award":["23CMZ038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23CMZ038"]}]},{"name":"Philosophy and Social Sciences Planning Project of Yunnan","award":["QN202317"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QN202317"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study investigates the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to replace human experts in evaluating the conservation status of architectural heritage. Five mainstream AI models were employed to assess six architectural heritage sites in Kunming, Yunnan, China, using 18 evaluation indicators. The AI Evaluation Team (AET) and Expert Evaluation Team (EET) conducted comprehensive assessments, and the results were compared using the entropy weight method (EWM), independent sample t-tests, and kernel density estimations. The findings revealed no significant differences between the AET and EET outcomes, demonstrating that the AI\u2019s assessment capability reached expert-level performance. Moreover, AI exhibits higher efficiency in information acquisition and work processes than human expertise. The objectivity of the AI-generated results was enhanced by the data-driven approach and the use of the EWM for indicator weighting. This study highlights the potential of AI in architectural heritage preservation, enabling the assessment of a larger number of heritage buildings within a shorter timeframe and overcoming the limitations of manual evaluation. The proposed method can be extended to assess various types of cultural heritage and predict future trends, providing a more efficient basis for heritage protection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/llc\/fqaf103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T11:37:16Z","timestamp":1758022636000},"page":"1275-1291","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Can AI replace experts in the evaluation of cultural heritage? Based on the controlled experiments conducted on six architectural heritages"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Yuchuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics , Kunming 650201,","place":["China"]}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Finance and Management, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics , Kunming 650201,","place":["China"]}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5787-3507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xueqing","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Humanities and Social Science, Yunnan Agricultural University , Kunming 650500,","place":["China"]}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics , Kunming 650201,","place":["China"]}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025103103523291800_fqaf103-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.3233\/IA-240033","article-title":"Large Language Models for Sustainable Assessment and Feedback in Higher Education: Towards a Pedagogical and Technological Framework","volume":"18","author":"Agostini","year":"2024","journal-title":"Intelligenza Artificiale"},{"year":"2025","author":"AIGCRank","key":"2025103103523291800_fqaf103-B2"},{"first-page":"265","year":"2016","author":"Abadi","key":"2025103103523291800_fqaf103-B3"},{"key":"2025103103523291800_fqaf103-B4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Balancing Priorities: An Importance-Performance Analysis of Architectural Heritage Protection in China\u2019s Historical Cities","volume":"11","author":"Cao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Frontiers of Architectural Research"},{"key":"2025103103523291800_fqaf103-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2025.112891","article-title":"Can Large Language Models Replace Human Experts? 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