{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T16:36:24Z","timestamp":1776875784524,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":124,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Israel Ministry of Integration"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>As gateways into accessing the past, and catalogues of the cultures\u2014and their biases\u2014that we inherit, there are various research possibilities and limitations when considering library and museum online collections as sources of data. This study analyses different perspectives on how Jewish and Armenian ethnic minorities are represented by digital online collections of major historical museums. We document that the representation of concepts is skewed due to acquisition practices, augmented by the socio-technical infrastructures of the two museums under study. We show skews in the representation determined by major object groups (e.g. several thousand objects of the same type from a single archaeological expedition). Finally, we demonstrate that analysis of semi-structured data of museum catalogues presents major processing difficulties due to the multiple meanings of the same concept. We argue that the analysis of museum catalogues should include the knowledge of socio-technical contexts of data creation, such as metadata and lengthier structures, such as paradata or historical interpretation, which may add depth and meaning to subsequent analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/llc\/fqaf104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]],"date-time":"2025-09-18T11:49:13Z","timestamp":1758196153000},"page":"i123-i150","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ethnic minorities in online museum collections: skews and bias in digital material culture"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0775-9656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inna","family":"Kizhner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"E-Lijah Lab\u2014Digital Humanities Laboratory, Haifa University , Abba Khoushy Ave 199, Haifa 3498838,","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1845-9974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniil","family":"Skorinkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Potsdam, Campus Am Neuen Palais, Am Neuen Palais , Haus 4 , Potsdam 14469,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6496-3197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa","family":"Terras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Design Informatics, Edinburgh College of Art, University of Edinburgh, Bayes Centre , 47 Potterrow , Edinburgh EH8 9BT,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yael","family":"Netzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"E-Lijah Lab\u2014Digital Humanities Laboratory, Haifa University , Abba Khoushy Ave 199, Haifa 3498838,","place":["Israel"]},{"name":"Center for Digital Humanities, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Mount Scopus , Jerusalem 9190500,","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moshe","family":"Lavee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"E-Lijah Lab\u2014Digital Humanities Laboratory, Haifa University , Abba Khoushy Ave 199, Haifa 3498838,","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026042211365538400_fqaf104-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5334\/johd.124","article-title":"Datasheets for Digital Cultural Heritage Datasets","volume":"9","author":"Alkemade","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Open Humanities Data"},{"key":"2026042211365538400_fqaf104-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.4324\/9780429399671-44","volume-title":"Grasping the World","author":"Appadurai","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026042211365538400_fqaf104-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.31724\/rihjj.50.2.1","volume":"50","author":"Armaselu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Rasprave Instituta Za Hrvatski Jezik i Jezikoslovlje"},{"key":"2026042211365538400_fqaf104-B4","volume-title":"Proceedings of CHR 2022\u2014Computational Humanities Research Conference","author":"Arnold","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026042211365538400_fqaf104-B5","first-page":"1512","volume-title":"Early Modernity and Mobility: Port Cities and Printers across the Armenian Diaspora","author":"Aslanian","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026042211365538400_fqaf104-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-80646-0","volume-title":"Museum Digitization and Emerging Curatorial Agencies Online: Vikings in the Digital Age","author":"Axelsson","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026042211365538400_fqaf104-B7","volume-title":"Cataloging Cultural Objects: A Guide to Describing Cultural Works and Their Images","author":"Baca","year":"2006"},{"key":"2026042211365538400_fqaf104-B8","first-page":"11","volume-title":"Colonialism and the Object: Empire, Material Culture and the Museum","author":"Barringer","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026042211365538400_fqaf104-B9","volume-title":"Colonialism and the Object: Empire, Material Culture and the Museum","author":"Barringer","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026042211365538400_fqaf104-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315787312-24","volume-title":"National Museums. 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