{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T09:18:15Z","timestamp":1775294295448,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"S\u00e4o Paulo Research Foundation"},{"name":"Bahia Research Support Foundation","award":["2021\/15133-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/15133-2"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006181","name":"FAPESB","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["app0014\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["app0014\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006181","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006181","name":"FAPESB","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["app007\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["app007\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006181","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This article presents the results of an experiment involving the automatic transcription of sixteenth-century Portuguese Inquisition manuscripts using two Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) applications. The experiment focused on modelling the handwriting of a single scribe and comparing the machine-generated transcriptions with human-made diplomatic transcriptions, from a palaeographic perspective. The tools used were Transkribus (developed by ReadCoop) and Lapelinc Transcriptor (developed by the Corpus Linguistics Laboratory at the State University of Southwest Bahia, Brazil), both based on machine learning techniques. The results reveal that palaeographic expertise plays a crucial role not only in interpreting the output but also in improving HTR model performance. By addressing both practical and scholarly challenges, this study contributes to ongoing discussions in the field of so-called digital palaeography, particularly regarding Early Modern Portuguese manuscripts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/llc\/fqaf145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T13:15:43Z","timestamp":1765372543000},"page":"255-275","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Digital technologies for Early Modern Portuguese manuscripts: an experiment with two \u2018Handwritten Text Recognition\u2019 software applications"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8422-417X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Clara","family":"Paix\u00e3o de Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Classical and Vernacular Letters, University of S\u00e4o Paulo , Av. 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