{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T21:50:53Z","timestamp":1740174653553,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,24]],"date-time":"2019-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Zurich Research Priority Program \u2018Language and Space\u2019"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CR12I1_162760"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CR12I1_162760"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The impact of geography on language and dialect variation has been subject to a vast number of studies in linguistics, as well as the broader humanities. Most quantitative research concerning dialectology has focused on the relationship between spatial distance and change of dialects. Hypotheses regarding the impact of other geographic, cultural, and social factors have been put forth for many years but have rarely been examined with quantitative methods. In this article, we compare dialect variation in Swiss German morphosyntax with three types of social and cultural variation, namely variation in religion, administration, and economy. These different types of variation have contrasting temporal origins. Religion is, for instance, represented by the borders between Christian denominations, which are a result of the Reformation in the 16th century. In order to compare different types of spatial information in one statistical model, we introduce an approach that is robust for spatial dependencies. On one hand, our results are largely in agreement with previous studies. Spatial distance, for instance, proves to be the most important predictor of dialect variance, with distance measures that more realistically represent the potential for social contact, explaining a higher proportion of variance. On the other hand, most interestingly, we find evidence that administrative borders (i.e. political regions) more profoundly impact Swiss dialects than religion or economy. This opens the floor for the hypothesis that possibly both Swiss dialects and political regions have common origins in ancient migration movements and medieval borders between Alemannic territories.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/llc\/fqz037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,23]],"date-time":"2019-05-23T19:20:11Z","timestamp":1558639211000},"page":"276-295","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Dialect borders\u2014political regions are better predictors than economy or religion"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7334-4427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Curdin","family":"Derungs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Institute of Building Technology and Energy, Luzern, Switzerland; and Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Sieber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Land Registry and Geoinformation, Department of Geoinformation, Canton of Zug, Zug, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elvira","family":"Glaser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Department, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland and University of Zurich, University Research Priority Program Language and Space, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2425-0077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Weibel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland and University of Zurich, University Research Priority Program Language and Space, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-0862.2002.tb00120.x","article-title":"Under the hood: Issues in the specification and interpretation of spatial regression models","volume":"27","author":"Anselin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Agricultural Economics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-4632.1991.tb00228.x","article-title":"Properties of tests for spatial dependence in linear regression models","volume":"23","author":"Anselin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Geographical Analysis"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B3","first-page":"67","article-title":"Sprachgeschichte und Kulturgeographie in Skandinavien","author":"Bandle","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vergleichende Germanische Philologie und Skandinavistik: Festschrift f\u00fcr Otmar Werner"},{"volume-title":"Die viersprachige Schweiz. Aarau, Frankfurt a.M","year":"2000","author":"Bickel","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B4"},{"year":"2019","author":"Bivand","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B5"},{"volume-title":"Language","year":"1933","author":"Bloomfield","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B6"},{"issue":"6097","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1219669","article-title":"Mapping the origins and expansion of the Indo-European language family","volume":"337","author":"Bouckaert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9884.00145","article-title":"Geographically weighted regression","volume":"47","author":"Brunsdon","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series D (The Statistician)"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B9","first-page":"41","volume-title":"Syntactic Microvariation","author":"Bucheli","year":"2002"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B10","first-page":"73","volume-title":"Beitr\u00e4ge zum 5. dialektologischen Symposium im Bayerischen Wald, Walderbach, Juni 2012","author":"Bucheli Berger","year":"2014"},{"issue":"4","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaa.2007.05.001","article-title":"Transportation corridors and political evolution in highland Mesoamerica: Settlement analyses incorporating GIS for northern Tlaxcala, Mexico","volume":"26","author":"Carballo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Anthropological Archaeology"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511805103","volume-title":"Dialectology","author":"Chambers","year":"1998"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1198\/108571102320","article-title":"Confidence limits for regression relationships between distance matrices: estimating gene flow with distance","volume":"7","author":"Clarke","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics"},{"issue":"01n02","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150006","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219525911003372","article-title":"The evolution of ethnolinguistic diversity","volume":"15","author":"Currie","year":"2012","journal-title":"Advances in Complex Systems"},{"issue":"5","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2017.1418362","article-title":"Are prominent mountains frequently mentioned in text? Exploring the spatial expressiveness of text frequency","volume":"3","author":"Derungs","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Geographical Information Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.3138\/D327-0323-2JUT-016M","article-title":"Least-cost path in GIS using an accumulated cost surface and slopelines","volume":"31","author":"Douglas","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B17","first-page":"190","volume-title":"The Routledge Handbook of Historical Linguistics","author":"Dunn","year":"2015"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jue.2012.05.007","article-title":"Dialects, cultural identity and economic exchange","volume":"72","author":"Falck","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Urban Economics"},{"volume-title":"Grundlegung einer Geschichte der deutschen Sprache","year":"1948","author":"Frings","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B19"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B20","article-title":"Entwicklung des Transitverkehrs-Systems und deren Auswirkung auf die Raumnutzung in der Schweiz (COST 340)","volume":"208","author":"Fr\u00f6hlich","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arbeitsberichte Verkehrs- und Raumplanung"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B21","first-page":"79","article-title":"Dialektsyntax des Schweizerdeutschen","author":"Glaser","year":"2015","journal-title":"Regionale Variation des Deutschen. Projekte und Perspektiven"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B22","article-title":"Dialektometrische Studien: Anhand italoromanischer, r\u00e4toromanischer und galloromanischer Sprachmaterialien aus AIS und ALF","volume-title":"Beihefte zur Zeitschrift f\u00fcr romanische Philologie","author":"Goebl","year":"1984"},{"first-page":"195","year":"2004","author":"Gooskens","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B23"},{"volume-title":"Strukturelle Sprachgeographie. Eine Einf\u00fchrung in Methodik und Ergebnisse","year":"1969","author":"Goossens","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B24"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1017\/S095439451100007X","article-title":"A statistical method for the identification and aggregation of regional linguistic variation","volume":"23","author":"Grieve","year":"2011","journal-title":"Language Variation and Change"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B26","first-page":"92","volume-title":"Dialektologie. Ein Handbuch zur deutschen und allgemeinen Dialektforschung","author":"Grober-Gl\u00fcck","year":"1982"},{"issue":"43","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13296","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1503793112","article-title":"Bantu expansion shows that habitat alters the route and pace of human dispersals","volume":"112","author":"Grollemund","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"first-page":"649","year":"2010","author":"Haas","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B28"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954394501133041","article-title":"Dialect areas and dialect continua","volume":"13","author":"Heeringa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Language Variation and Change"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B31","first-page":"65","article-title":"Reformation und Konfessionalisierung in der Geschichtsforschung der Deutschschweiz","volume":"100","author":"Holenstein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Archiv f\u00fcr Reformationsgeschichte"},{"volume-title":"A. Zur Methodologie der Kleinraumatlanten","year":"1962","author":"Hotzenk\u00f6cherle","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B32"},{"volume-title":"Sprachatlas der deutschen Schweiz","year":"1962","author":"Hotzenk\u00f6cherle","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B33"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1093\/llc\/fqm009","article-title":"Multivariate analysis of Finnish dialect data\u2014an overview of lexical variation","volume":"22","author":"Hyv\u00f6nen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Literary and Linguistic Computing"},{"year":"2008","author":"Jarvis","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B35"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/jlg.2017.5","article-title":"Exploring global and local patterns in the correlation of geographic distances and morphosyntactic variation in Swiss German","volume":"5","author":"Jeszenszky","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Linguistic Geography"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B37","first-page":"248","volume-title":"Dialektologie. Ein Handbuch zur deutschen und allgemeinen Dialektforschung","author":"Jongen","year":"1982"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B38","first-page":"107","article-title":"Language and space: The kulturmorphologische Ansatz in dialectology and the German language space ideology, 1920\u20131960","author":"Knobloch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Language and Space. An International Handbook of Linguistic Variation"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B39","first-page":"76","article-title":"Die niederl\u00e4ndisch-deutsche Staatsgrenze als subjektive Dialektgrenze","volume":"36","author":"Kremer","year":"1984","journal-title":"Driemaandelijkse Bladen"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110331394","volume-title":"Strukturen im Sprachraum. Analysen zur arealtypologischen Komplexit\u00e4t der Dialekte in Deutschland","author":"Lameli","year":"2013"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1111\/geer.12047","article-title":"Same same but different: dialects and trade","volume":"16","author":"Lameli","year":"2015","journal-title":"German Economic Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0143060","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143060","article-title":"Crowdsourcing language change with smartphone applications","volume":"11","author":"Leemann","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.2307\/1939924","article-title":"Spatial autocorrelation: trouble or new paradigm?","volume":"74","author":"Legendre","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"volume-title":"Dialektologie: eine Einf\u00fchrung","year":"2003","author":"L\u00f6ffler","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B44"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2004.12.002","article-title":"A phylogenetic approach to cultural evolution","volume":"20","author":"Mace","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends in Ecology & Evolution"},{"issue":"1360","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1995.0125","article-title":"A latitudinal gradient in the density of human languages in North America","volume":"261","author":"Mace","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences"},{"issue":"1559","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3821","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0048","article-title":"Measuring the diffusion of linguistic change","volume":"365","author":"Nerbonne","year":"2010","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110198621.267","article-title":"Geographic distributions of linguistic variation reflect dynamics of differentiation","volume":"96","author":"Nerbonne","year":"2007","journal-title":"Roots: Linguistics in Search of its Evidential Base"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-818X.2008.00114.x","article-title":"Data-driven dialectology","volume":"3","author":"Nerbonne","year":"2009","journal-title":"Language and Linguistics Compass"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110312027.38","volume-title":"Space in Language and Linguistics: Geographical, Interactional, and Cognitive Perspectives","author":"Nichols","year":"2013"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110916546","volume-title":"Einf\u00fchrung in die Dialektologie des Deutschen. 2. Aufl","author":"Niebaum","year":"2006"},{"volume-title":"Deutsche Dialekte Konzepte, Probleme, Handlungsfelder","year":"2014","author":"Pr\u00f6ll","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B53"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.42.1.43","article-title":"A central limit theorem and a strong mixing condition","volume":"42","author":"Rosenblatt","year":"1956","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B55","first-page":"638","article-title":"Linguistic outcomes of language contact","volume-title":"The Handbook of Language Variation and Change","author":"Sankoff","year":"2002"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1515\/dialect-2016-0006","article-title":"A quantitative approach to Swiss German\u2013Dialectometric analyses and comparisons of linguistic levels","volume":"24","author":"Scherrer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dialectologia et Geolinguistica"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B57","first-page":"335","article-title":"La relation entre la distance spatiale et la distance lexicale","volume":"35","author":"S\u00e9guy","year":"1971","journal-title":"Revue de linguistique romane"},{"volume-title":"Oxford Dictionary of Humorous Quotations","year":"2008","author":"Sherrin","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B58"},{"issue":"11","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2008.06.006","article-title":"Investigation of past archaeological landscapes using remote sensing and GIS: a multi-method case study from Mount Ida, Crete","volume":"35","author":"Siart","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Archaeological Science"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B60","first-page":"225","volume-title":"Dijkstra\u2019s Algorithm. Implementing Discrete Mathematics: Combinatorics and Graph Theory with Mathematica","author":"Skiena","year":"1990"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B61","first-page":"2825","volume-title":"Teiband, Ein Handbuch zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und ihrer Erforschung","author":"Sonderegger","year":"2003","edition":"2nd edn"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1093\/llc\/fql043","article-title":"Measuring syntactic variation in Dutch dialects","volume":"21","author":"Spruit","year":"2006","journal-title":"Literary and Linguistic Computing"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lingua.2009.02.001","article-title":"Associations among linguistic levels","volume":"119","author":"Spruit","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lingua"},{"volume-title":"Interpolation of Spatial Data: Some Theory for Kriging","year":"2012","author":"Stein","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B65"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110229127.215","volume-title":"Dialectological and Folk Dialectological Concepts of Space: Current Methods and Perspectives in Sociolinguistic Research on Dialect Change","author":"Szmrecsanyi","year":"2012"},{"year":"1993","author":"Tobler","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B67"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1017\/S0047404500004358","article-title":"Linguistic change and diffusion: description and explanation in sociolinguistic dialect geography","volume":"3","author":"Trudgill","year":"1974","journal-title":"Language in Society"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B69","first-page":"1","article-title":"R package gdistance: distances and routes on geographical grids","volume-title":"Journal of Statistical Software","author":"van Etten","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1093\/llc\/fqs052","article-title":"Linguistic advergence and divergence in north-western Catalan: adialectometric investigation of dialect leveling and border effects","volume":"28","author":"Valls","year":"2013","journal-title":"Literary and Linguistic Computing"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-322-99323-6","volume-title":"Kantonale Demokratien im Vergleich: Entstehungsgr\u00fcnde, Interaktionen und Wirkungen politischer Institutionen in den Schweizer Kantonen","author":"Vatter","year":"2002"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.3366\/E1753854809000342","article-title":"The Dutch-German border: relating linguistic, geographic and social distances","volume":"2","author":"de Vriend","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing"},{"issue":"9","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23613","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023613","article-title":"Quantitative social dialectology: explaining linguistic variation geographically and socially","volume":"6","author":"Wieling","year":"2011","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1093\/llc\/fqs047","article-title":"Analyzing phonetic variation in the traditional English dialects: simultaneously clustering dialects and phonetic features","volume":"28","author":"Wieling","year":"2013","journal-title":"Literary and Linguistic Computing"},{"volume-title":"Dialect Change. Convergence and Divergence in European Languages","year":"2005","author":"Woolhiser","key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B75"},{"key":"2020052917400742000_fqz037-B76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110220261.501","volume-title":"The Languages and Linguistics of Europe: A Comprehensive Guide","author":"Woolhiser","year":"2011"}],"container-title":["Digital Scholarship in the Humanities"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/dsh\/article-pdf\/35\/2\/276\/33324073\/fqz037.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/dsh\/article-pdf\/35\/2\/276\/33324073\/fqz037.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,16]],"date-time":"2023-09-16T21:27:01Z","timestamp":1694899621000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/dsh\/article\/35\/2\/276\/5522525"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,24]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/llc\/fqz037","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-7671","2055-768X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2055-7671"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2055-768X"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,24]]}}}