{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T14:10:05Z","timestamp":1723558205826},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We offer a new semantic approach to formal epistemology that incorporates two principal ideas: (i) justifications are prime objects of the model: knowledge and belief are defined evidence-based concepts; (ii) awareness restrictions are applied to justifications rather than to propositions, which allows for the maintaining of desirable closure properties. The resulting structures, Justification Awareness Models, JAMs, naturally include major justification models, Kripke models and, in addition, represent situations with multiple possibly fallible justifications which, in full generality, were previously off the scope of rigorous epistemic modeling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/logcom\/exaa043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]],"date-time":"2020-09-09T11:11:39Z","timestamp":1599649899000},"page":"1431-1446","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Justification awareness"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Sergei","family":"Artemov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The City University of New York, the Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York City, NY 10016, USA"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020120307172449000_ref1","first-page":"95","article-title":"Operational modal logic","volume-title":"Technical Report MSI","author":"Artemov","year":"1995"},{"key":"2020120307172449000_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/2687821","article-title":"Explicit provability and constructive semantics","volume":"7","author":"Artemov","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bulletin of Symbolic Logic"},{"key":"2020120307172449000_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1017\/S1755020308090060","article-title":"The logic of justification","volume":"1","author":"Artemov","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Review of Symbolic Logic"},{"key":"2020120307172449000_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s11225-012-9387-x","article-title":"The ontology of justifications in the logical setting","volume":"100","author":"Artemov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Studia Logica"},{"volume-title":"Knowing the Model","year":"2016","author":"Artemov","key":"2020120307172449000_ref5"},{"volume-title":"Epistemic Modeling with Justifications","year":"2017","author":"Artemov","key":"2020120307172449000_ref6"},{"key":"2020120307172449000_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-72056-2_2","article-title":"Justification awareness models","volume-title":"Logical Foundations of Computer Science, LFCS\u201918, LNCS","author":"Artemov","year":"2018"},{"key":"2020120307172449000_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-36755-8_2","article-title":"Observable models","volume-title":"Logical Foundations of Computer Science, LFCS\u201920, LNCS","author":"Artemov","year":"2020"},{"key":"2020120307172449000_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/9781108348034","volume-title":"Justification Logic: Reasoning with Reasons","author":"Artemov","year":"2019"},{"key":"2020120307172449000_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1093\/logcom\/exi053","article-title":"Introducing justifications into epistemic logic","volume":"15","author":"Artemov","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Logic and Computation"},{"key":"2020120307172449000_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02314421","article-title":"Hyperintensional logic","volume":"34","author":"Cresswell","year":"1975","journal-title":"Studia Logica"},{"key":"2020120307172449000_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(87)90003-8","article-title":"Belief, awareness, and limited reasoning","volume":"34","author":"Fagin","year":"1988","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"2020120307172449000_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/5803.001.0001","volume-title":"Reasoning about Knowledge","author":"Fagin","year":"1995"},{"key":"2020120307172449000_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apal.2004.04.009","article-title":"The logic of proofs","volume":"132","author":"Fitting","year":"2005","journal-title":"semantically. 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