{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T08:32:55Z","timestamp":1783585975498,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"D1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Clusters of Orthologous Genes (COG) database, also referred to as the Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins, was created in 1997 and went through several rounds of updates, most recently, in 2014. The current update, available at https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/research\/COG, substantially expands the scope of the database to include complete genomes of 1187 bacteria and 122 archaea, typically, with a single genome per genus. In addition, the current version of the COGs includes the following new features: (i) the recently deprecated NCBI\u2019s gene index (gi) numbers for the encoded proteins are replaced with stable RefSeq or GenBank\\ENA\\DDBJ coding sequence (CDS) accession numbers; (ii) COG annotations are updated for &amp;gt;200 newly characterized protein families with corresponding references and PDB links, where available; (iii) lists of COGs grouped by pathways and functional systems are added; (iv) 266 new COGs for proteins involved in CRISPR-Cas immunity, sporulation in Firmicutes and photosynthesis in cyanobacteria are included; and (v) the database is made available as a web page, in addition to FTP. The current release includes 4877 COGs. Future plans include further expansion of the COG collection by adding archaeal COGs (arCOGs), splitting the COGs containing multiple paralogs, and continued refinement of COG annotations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa1018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T03:17:35Z","timestamp":1602731855000},"page":"D274-D281","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":887,"title":["COG database update: focus on microbial diversity, model organisms, and widespread pathogens"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2265-5572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael Y","family":"Galperin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20894, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0247-8708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuri I","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20894, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8174-2844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kira S","family":"Makarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20894, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4108-5982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Vera\u00a0Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20894, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9819-6675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Landsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20894, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3943-8299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eugene V","family":"Koonin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20894, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021010313134309900_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1126\/science.278.5338.631","article-title":"A genomic perspective on protein families","volume":"278","author":"Tatusov","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.1.33","article-title":"The COG database: a tool for genome-scale analysis of protein functions and evolution","volume":"28","author":"Tatusov","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D261","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gku1223","article-title":"Expanded microbial genome coverage and improved protein family annotation in the COG database","volume":"43","author":"Galperin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbx117","article-title":"Microbial genome analysis: the COG approach","volume":"20","author":"Galperin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brief. Bioinform."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/29.1.22","article-title":"The COG database: new developments in phylogenetic classification of proteins from complete genomes","volume":"29","author":"Tatusov","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq229","article-title":"A low-polynomial algorithm for assembling clusters of orthologous groups from intergenomic symmetric best matches","volume":"26","author":"Kristensen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B7","first-page":"818","article-title":"Archaeal Clusters of Orthologous Genes (arCOGs): An update and application for analysis of shared features between Thermococcales, Methanococcales, and Methanobacteriales","volume":"5","author":"Makarova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.002665","article-title":"Saccharolobus caldissimus gen. nov., sp. nov., a facultatively anaerobic iron-reducing hyperthermophilic archaeon isolated from an acidic terrestrial hot spring, and reclassification of Sulfolobus solfataricus as Saccharolobus solfataricus comb. nov. and Sulfolobus shibatae as Saccharolobus shibatae comb. nov","volume":"68","author":"Sakai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-014-0164-x","article-title":"A phylogenomic and molecular marker based proposal for the division of the genus Borrelia into two genera: the emended genus Borrelia containing only the members of the relapsing fever Borrelia, and the genus Borreliella gen. nov. containing the members of the Lyme disease Borrelia (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex)","volume":"105","author":"Adeolu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.06.008","article-title":"Reclassification of Clostridium difficile as Clostridioides difficile (Hall and O\u2019Toole 1935) Prevot 1938","volume":"40","author":"Lawson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.00067","article-title":"Phylogenomics and comparative genomic studies robustly support division of the genus Mycobacterium into an emended genus Mycobacterium and four novel genera","volume":"9","author":"Gupta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D427","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky995","article-title":"The Pfam protein families database in 2019","volume":"47","author":"El-Gebali","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D351","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky1100","article-title":"InterPro in 2019: improving coverage, classification and access to protein sequence annotations","volume":"47","author":"Mitchell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D265","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz991","article-title":"CDD\/SPARCLE: the conserved domain database in 2020","volume":"48","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D387","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks1234","article-title":"TIGRFAMs and Genome Properties in 2013","volume":"41","author":"Haft","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D743","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx908","article-title":"SubtiWiki in 2018: from genes and proteins to functional network annotation of the model organism Bacillus subtilis","volume":"46","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E977","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10070977","article-title":"Survey and validation of tRNA modifications and their corresponding genes in Bacillus subtilis sp. subtilis strain 168","volume":"10","author":"de\u00a0Cr\u00e9cy-Lagard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2007","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.15003","article-title":"The biosynthesis of the molybdenum cofactors in Escherichia coli","volume":"22","author":"Leimk\u00fchler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2807","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa112","article-title":"Cyclic di-AMP, a second messenger of primary importance: tertiary structures and binding mechanisms","volume":"48","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.03.019","article-title":"Architectures of lipid transport systems for the bacterial outer membrane","volume":"169","author":"Ekiert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D733","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv1189","article-title":"Reference sequence (RefSeq) database at NCBI: current status, taxonomic expansion, and functional annotation","volume":"44","author":"O\u2019Leary","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D851","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx1068","article-title":"RefSeq: an update on prokaryotic genome annotation and curation","volume":"46","author":"Haft","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-3783-7","volume-title":"Sequence - Evolution - Function: Computational Approaches in Comparative Genomics","author":"Koonin","year":"2003"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13126","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0605709103","article-title":"The cyanobacterial genome core and the origin of photosynthesis","volume":"103","author":"Mulkidjanian","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B25","first-page":"1","article-title":"A time to scatter genes and a time to gather them. Evolution of photosynthesis genes in bacteria","volume":"65","author":"Mulkidjanian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Bot. Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01351-06","article-title":"Evolutionary genomics of lactic acid bacteria","volume":"189","author":"Makarova","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2870","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2012.02841.x","article-title":"Genomic determinants of sporulation in Bacilli and Clostridia: towards the minimal set of sporulation-specific genes","volume":"14","author":"Galperin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2631","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12173","article-title":"A genomic update on clostridial phylogeny: Gram-negative spore formers and other misplaced clostridia","volume":"15","author":"Yutin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6150-2-33","article-title":"Clusters of orthologous genes for 41 archaeal genomes and implications for evolutionary genomics of archaea","volume":"2","author":"Makarova","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol. Direct."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6150-7-46","article-title":"Updated clusters of orthologous genes for Archaea: a complex ancestor of the Archaea and the byways of horizontal gene transfer","volume":"7","author":"Wolf","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. Direct"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1165340","article-title":"Globally distributed uncultivated oceanic N2-fixing cyanobacteria lack oxygenic photosystem II","volume":"322","author":"Zehr","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2004.11.013","article-title":"Unique constitution of photosystem I with a novel subunit in the cyanobacterium Gloeobacter violaceus PCC 7421","volume":"578","author":"Inoue","year":"2004","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01102","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.01102","article-title":"The human gut and groundwater harbor non-photosynthetic bacteria belonging to a new candidate phylum sibling to Cyanobacteria","volume":"2","author":"Di\u00a0Rienzi","year":"2013","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evu073","article-title":"An expanded genomic representation of the phylum Cyanobacteria","volume":"6","author":"Soo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol. Evol."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3389","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.17.3389","article-title":"Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs","volume":"25","author":"Altschul","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2017.10.004","article-title":"Dash-and-Recruit mechanism drives membrane curvature recognition by the small bacterial protein SpoVM","volume":"5","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Syst."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00315-17","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00315-17","article-title":"The conserved spore coat protein SpoVM is largely dispensable in Clostridium difficile spore formation","volume":"2","author":"Ribis","year":"2017","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.02110-12","article-title":"A genomic signature and the identification of new sporulation genes","volume":"195","author":"Abecasis","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.105.068445","article-title":"Reconstitution and properties of the recombinant glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase\/CP12\/phosphoribulokinase supramolecular complex of Arabidopsis","volume":"139","author":"Marri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20984","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1906722116","article-title":"Structural basis of light-induced redox regulation in the Calvin-Benson cycle in cyanobacteria","volume":"116","author":"McFarlane","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7141","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1806668115","article-title":"Structural and functional insights into the unique CBS-CP12 fusion protein family in cyanobacteria","volume":"115","author":"Hackenberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1079978","article-title":"GUN4, a regulator of chlorophyll synthesis and intracellular signaling","volume":"299","author":"Larkin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7603","DOI":"10.1021\/bi050240x","article-title":"Structural and biochemical characterization of Gun4 suggests a mechanism for its role in chlorophyll biosynthesis","volume":"44","author":"Davison","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e151","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0030151","article-title":"Structure of the Mg-chelatase cofactor GUN4 reveals a novel hand-shaped fold for porphyrin binding","volume":"3","author":"Verdecia","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3569","article-title":"An updated evolutionary classification of CRISPR-Cas systems","volume":"13","author":"Makarova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E5307","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1803440115","article-title":"Systematic prediction of genes functionally linked to CRISPR-Cas systems by gene neighborhood analysis","volume":"115","author":"Shmakov","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-019-0299-x","article-title":"Evolutionary classification of CRISPR-Cas systems: a burst of class 2 and derived variants","volume":"18","author":"Makarova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8828","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa635","article-title":"Evolutionary and functional classification of the CARF domain superfamily, key sensors in prokaryotic antivirus defense","volume":"48","author":"Makarova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D309","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky1085","article-title":"eggNOG 5.0: a hierarchical, functionally and phylogenetically annotated orthology resource based on 5090 organisms and 2502 viruses","volume":"47","author":"Huerta-Cepas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D353","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw1092","article-title":"KEGG: new perspectives on genomes, pathways, diseases and drugs","volume":"45","author":"Kanehisa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2251","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz859","article-title":"KofamKOALA: KEGG Ortholog assignment based on profile HMM and adaptive score threshold","volume":"36","author":"Aramaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D477","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx1019","article-title":"The OMA orthology database in 2018: retrieving evolutionary relationships among all domains of life through richer web and programmatic interfaces","volume":"46","author":"Altenhoff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.243212.118","article-title":"OMA standalone: orthology inference among public and custom genomes and transcriptomes","volume":"29","author":"Altenhoff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D807","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky1053","article-title":"OrthoDB v10: sampling the diversity of animal, plant, fungal, protist, bacterial and viral genomes for evolutionary and functional annotations of orthologs","volume":"47","author":"Kriventseva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D382","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky1054","article-title":"MBGD update 2018: microbial genome database based on hierarchical orthology relations covering closely related and distantly related comparisons","volume":"47","author":"Uchiyama","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B56","first-page":"D526","article-title":"ChlamDB: a comparative genomics database of the phylum Chlamydiae and other members of the Planctomycetes-Verrucomicrobiae-Chlamydiae superphylum","volume":"48","author":"Pillonel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"baz160","DOI":"10.1093\/database\/baz160","article-title":"An update on the Symbiotic Genomes Database (SymGenDB): a collection of metadata, genomic, genetic and protein sequences, orthologs and metabolic networks of symbiotic organisms","volume":"2020","author":"Reyes-Prieto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Database (Oxford)"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1004031323748","article-title":"Using the COG database to improve gene recognition in complete genomes","volume":"108","author":"Natale","year":"2000","journal-title":"Genetica"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e36972","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036972","article-title":"Phylogenomics of prokaryotic ribosomal proteins","volume":"7","author":"Yutin","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msaa184","article-title":"Simplification of ribosomes in bacteria with tiny genomes","author":"Nikolaeva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2011.088856","article-title":"Respiratory chain complex I deficiency due to NDUFA12 mutations as a new cause of Leigh syndrome","volume":"48","author":"Ostergaard","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2014.03.046","article-title":"Supernumerary subunits NDUFA3, NDUFA5 and NDUFA12 are required for the formation of the extramembrane arm of human mitochondrial complex I","volume":"588","author":"Rak","year":"2014","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1134\/S0006297916070142","article-title":"Phylogenomic analysis of type 1 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase","volume":"81","author":"Novakovsky","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochemistry (Mosc)"},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00462-18","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00462-18","article-title":"Making and breaking of an essential poison: the cyclases and phosphodiesterases that produce and degrade the essential second messenger cyclic di-AMP in bacteria","volume":"201","author":"Commichau","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3265","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00564-15","article-title":"An essential poison: synthesis and degradation of cyclic di-AMP in Bacillus subtilis","volume":"197","author":"Gundlach","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7392","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1917080117","article-title":"c-di-AMP hydrolysis by the phosphodiesterase AtaC promotes differentiation of multicellular bacteria","volume":"117","author":"Latoscha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fuaa019","article-title":"A decade of research on the second messenger c-di-AMP","author":"Yin","year":"2020","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2016-0505","article-title":"Development of a novel rationally designed antibiotic to inhibit a nontraditional bacterial target","volume":"95","author":"Dibrov","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"2021010313134309900_B69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fux032","article-title":"Na+-NQR (Na+-translocating NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) as a novel target for antibiotics","volume":"41","author":"Dibrov","year":"2017","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."}],"container-title":["Nucleic Acids Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nar\/article-pdf\/49\/D1\/D274\/35364265\/gkaa1018.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nar\/article-pdf\/49\/D1\/D274\/35364265\/gkaa1018.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T20:07:30Z","timestamp":1696882050000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nar\/article\/49\/D1\/D274\/5964069"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"D1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkaa1018","relation":{},"ISSN":["0305-1048","1362-4962"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0305-1048","type":"print"},{"value":"1362-4962","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]]}}}