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However, due to the lack of an open database, pharmacokinetics data, as well as the corresponding meta-information, have been difficult to access. We present PK-DB (https:\/\/pk-db.com), an open database for pharmacokinetics information from clinical trials. PK-DB provides curated information on (i) characteristics of studied patient cohorts and subjects (e.g. age, bodyweight, smoking status, genetic variants); (ii) applied interventions (e.g. dosing, substance, route of application); (iii) pharmacokinetic parameters (e.g. clearance, half-life, area under the curve)\u00a0and (iv) measured pharmacokinetic time-courses. Key features are the representation of experimental errors, the normalization of measurement units, annotation of information to biological ontologies, calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters from concentration-time profiles, a workflow for collaborative data curation, strong validation rules on the data, computational access via a REST API as well as human access via a web interface. PK-DB enables meta-analysis based on data from multiple studies and data integration with computational models. A special focus lies on meta-data relevant for individualized and stratified computational modeling with methods like physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK), pharmacokinetic\/pharmacodynamic (PK\/PD), or population pharmacokinetic (pop PK) modeling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T07:10:39Z","timestamp":1604387439000},"page":"D1358-D1364","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["PK-DB: pharmacokinetics database for individualized and stratified computational modeling"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Jan","family":"Grzegorzewski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Theoretical Biology, Humboldt-University Berlin, Invalidenstra\u00dfe 110, Berlin\u00a010115, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janosch","family":"Brandhorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Theoretical Biology, Humboldt-University Berlin, Invalidenstra\u00dfe 110, Berlin\u00a010115, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University of Stellenbosch, Van der Byl Street, Stellenbosch\u00a07600, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitra","family":"Eleftheriadou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Theoretical Biology, Humboldt-University Berlin, Invalidenstra\u00dfe 110, Berlin\u00a010115, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yannick","family":"Duport","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Arnimallee 14, Berlin\u00a014195, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Barthorscht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Theoretical Biology, Humboldt-University Berlin, Invalidenstra\u00dfe 110, Berlin\u00a010115, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"K\u00f6ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Theoretical Biology, Humboldt-University Berlin, Invalidenstra\u00dfe 110, Berlin\u00a010115, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danny\u00a0Yu\u00a0Jia","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"De\u00a0Angelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King\u2019s College London, Department of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1725-179X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"K\u00f6nig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Theoretical Biology, Humboldt-University Berlin, Invalidenstra\u00dfe 110, Berlin\u00a010115, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021010313114007300_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1080\/17512433.2018.1501271","article-title":"Precision dosing in clinical medicine: present and future","volume":"11","author":"Polasek","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert. 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