{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T13:51:21Z","timestamp":1779112281545,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]],"date-time":"2024-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Center for Precision Health in Diverse Populations","award":["P20NR018075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20NR018075"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Depression affects 33% of women with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and leads to increased risks of premature mortality. Fluctuation and variation of depressive presentations can hinder clinical identification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to identify and examine subgroups characterized by distinct depressive symptom trajectories among women with T2D.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective analysis leveraged the Women\u2019s Interagency HIV Study data to identify depressive symptom trajectories based on the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scores (2014-2019) among women with and without HIV. Descriptive statistics characterized sample demographics (eg, age, race, income), clinical indices (eg, hemoglobin A1C [HbA1c], BMI, HIV status), and psychosocial experiences (eg, discrimination, social support, anxiety, pain). We used growth mixture modeling to identify groups defined by distinct depressive symptom trajectories and parametric and non-parametric tests to examine demographic, clinical, and psychosocial differences across subgroups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the 630 women included, the mean age was 50.4 (SD\u2005=\u20058.3) years, 72.4% identified as Black and non-Hispanic, and 68.2% were living with HIV. Five subgroups were identified and distinguished by severity and symptom type. Participants with lower incomes (P\u2005=\u2005.01), lower employment (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.0001), lower social support (P\u2005=\u2005.0001), and experiences of discrimination (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.0001) showed greater membership in threshold, moderate, and severe depressive subgroups. Subgroup membership was not associated with metabolic indices (BMI, HbA1c) or HIV status. Anxiety, pain, and loneliness (all P\u2005=\u2005.0001) were worse in subgroups with higher depressive symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among women with T2D, depressive symptom trajectories differ across clinical and social contexts. This study advances precision by delineating subgroups within a broad clinical category.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/abm\/kaae080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T15:28:51Z","timestamp":1731943731000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Heterogeneous depressive symptom trajectories among women with type 2 diabetes: findings from the Women\u2019s Interagency HIV Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5074-509X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole Beaulieu","family":"Perez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University , New York, NY, 10010 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5859-4118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gail","family":"D\u2019Eramo 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