{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T19:07:17Z","timestamp":1788894437687,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":108,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Dean\u2019s Fellowship from the College of Arts and Sciences at Lehigh University"},{"name":"Lehigh University\u2019s Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compensatory health beliefs (CHBs), the belief that a healthy behavior can offset the effects of a health-compromising one, have been theorized to both justify unhealthy behaviors and motivate health-promoting ones. However, findings in the literature are inconsistent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These meta-analyses synthesized 252 effect sizes from 59 independent samples using robust variance estimation to examine the relationships between CHBs and four outcomes: intentions and engagement in compensatory health behaviors and intentions and engagement in health-compromising behaviors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Approximately 13,760 individuals were represented across these analyses (ages 12-79; women \u223c66.1%; college-based\u2009=\u200969.8%). CHBs were significantly associated with greater intentions to engage in compensatory health behaviors (r = 0.21) and with greater engagement in health-compromising behaviors (r = 0.18), but were not reliably associated with compensatory health behaviors or intentions to engage in health-compromising behaviors. Heterogeneity was substantial across all models, but only one significant moderator emerged: CHBs were more strongly associated with compensatory intentions in studies examining diet compared to physical activity. Funnel plot symmetry and stability across values of \u03c1 supported the robustness of findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results highlight the potential for CHBs to undermine health behavior change efforts, particularly when intentions to engage in healthy behaviors are not carried out. Future work should explore state-level CHBs and real-time decision-making to clarify how and when these beliefs influence behavior.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/abm\/kaag013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T11:36:15Z","timestamp":1774784175000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vices and vegetables: a systematic review and series of meta-analyses examining the relationships among compensatory health beliefs with health-related intentions and behaviors"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0732-7723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gavin Q","family":"Fox","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Lehigh University , Bethlehem, PA 18015,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Health, Medicine, and Society Program, Lehigh University , Bethlehem, PA 18015,","place":["United 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