{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T20:58:22Z","timestamp":1760043502425,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,5]],"date-time":"2019-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Cooperative Agreement","award":["1U48DP005053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1U48DP005053"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Recommendations for skin cancer prevention include behaviors such as using sunscreen, seeking shade, and wearing a shirt with sleeves, but the best way to persuasively communicate this information to the public is not clear.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To test whether a messaging strategy using videos that focus on one specific behavior at a time versus a more general or multibehavior sun protection message is effective at changing attitudinal beliefs and intention with regard to sun protection behaviors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Online experiment among non-Hispanic white 18\u201349 year old adults in the USA. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions, each one with health messages on a different sun protection prevention behavior: \u201cusing sunscreen\u201d (Condition 1, n = 259), \u201cseeking shade\u201d (Condition 2, n = 245), or \u201ccovering up\u201d (Condition 3, n = 289). Condition 4 (the control, n = 251) is a multibehavior message that equally promotes sunscreen, seeking shade, and covering up and features a general message on sun safety.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>ANOVA and path analysis results suggest that messages which emphasize a single sun protection behavior compared with general sun safety messaging could potentially be a promising approach. The effectiveness of the videos in influencing attitudinal beliefs varied by behavior, with some gender and age moderation. There was an indirect effect on intention to use sunscreen.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study advances our understanding of strategies for skin cancer prevention campaigns. Specifically, it suggests that focusing on a single sun protection behavior with targeted beliefs may be valuable as a first step in encouraging sun safety.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/abm\/kaz032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,5]],"date-time":"2019-10-05T04:36:39Z","timestamp":1570250199000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Testing General Versus Specific Behavioral Focus in Messaging for the Promotion of Sun Protection Behaviors"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4539-4424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy","family":"Bleakley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication, University of Delaware, Newark, DE"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy B","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Communication and Information, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew A","family":"Strasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deann","family":"Lazovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Glanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA"},{"name":"School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019100500363281000_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2016.03.020","article-title":"Community-wide interventions to prevent skin cancer: Two community guide systematic reviews","volume":"51","author":"Sandhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"volume-title":"Cancer Facts & Figures 2018.","year":"2018","author":"American Cancer Society","key":"2019100500363281000_CIT0002"},{"key":"2019100500363281000_CIT0003","first-page":"422","article-title":"Interventions to prevent skin cancer by reducing exposure to ultraviolet radiation: A systematic review","volume":"27","author":"Saraiya","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med."},{"key":"2019100500363281000_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2885.2003.tb00289.x","article-title":"Using theory to design evaluations of communication campaigns: The case of the national youth anti-drug media campaign","volume":"13","author":"Hornik","year":"2003","journal-title":"Commun Theory."},{"key":"2019100500363281000_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60809-4","article-title":"Use of mass media campaigns to change health behaviour","volume":"376","author":"Wakefield","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"2019100500363281000_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1089\/15246090050073530","article-title":"Using health communications for primary prevention of skin cancer: CDC\u2019s choose your cover campaign","volume":"9","author":"Jorgensen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Womens Health Gend Based Med."},{"key":"2019100500363281000_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1177\/109019810102800304","article-title":"Slip! 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