{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T22:54:59Z","timestamp":1793228099784,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV-007767"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV-007767"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advances in Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]],"date-time":"2021-05-06T04:06:24Z","timestamp":1620273984000},"page":"1821-1837","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Effects of Foods Fortified with Zinc, Alone or Cofortified with Multiple Micronutrients, on Health and Functional Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9127-4909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Becky L","family":"Tsang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Holsted","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine M","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth H","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1230-2367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mduduzi N N","family":"Mbuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura A","family":"Rowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari S","family":"Manger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858S","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.115.220079","article-title":"Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development (BOND) \u2013 zinc review","volume":"146","author":"King","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"1_suppl1","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265090301S102","article-title":"Recent advances in knowledge of zinc nutrition and human health","volume":"30","author":"Hess","year":"2009","journal-title":"Food Nutr Bull"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e50568","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050568","article-title":"Estimating the global prevalence of zinc deficiency: results based on zinc availability in national food supplies and the prevalence of stunting","volume":"7","author":"Wessells","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Horton S, Alderman H, Rivera JA,. The challenge of hunger and malnutrition. In: Global Crises, Global Solutions: Second Edition. Bjorn L, (editor). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 2009. [Internet]. Available from: https:\/\/www.copenhagenconsensus.com\/sites\/default\/files\/cp_hungerandmalnutritioncc08vol2.pdf","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511807633.007"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib5","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fortification Legislation"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib6","unstructured":"Global Fortification Data Exchange. Nutrient Levels in Fortification Standards (mid-range or average) [Internet]. [cited 2 Oct, 2020]. Available from: https:\/\/fortificationdata.org\/map-nutrient-levels-in-fortification-standards\/"},{"issue":"s1","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1159\/000348262","article-title":"Systematic review of zinc fortification trials","volume":"62","author":"Das","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Nutr Metab"},{"issue":"1_suppl1","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S79","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265090301S106","article-title":"Impact of zinc fortification on zinc nutrition","volume":"30","author":"Hess","year":"2009","journal-title":"Food Nutr Bull"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shah D, Sachdev HS, Gera T, De-Regil LM, Pe\u00f1a-Rosas JP,. Fortification of Staple Foods with Zinc for Improving Zinc Status and Other Health outcomes in the General Population. Cochrane Public Health Group, editor. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews [Internet]. 2016; [cited 2 Oct, 2020]; Available from: http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD010697.pub2","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010697.pub2"},{"issue":"29","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6072","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3427","article-title":"Meta-analysis of skewed data: combining results reported on log-transformed or raw scales","volume":"27","author":"Higgins","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000097","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1854","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.6.1854","article-title":"Accuracy of simple techniques for estimating fractional zinc absorption in humans","volume":"131","author":"Shames","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib13","unstructured":"Covidence systematic review software. [Internet]. Melborne, Australia: Veritas Health Innovation; Available from: www.covidence.org"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib14","unstructured":"Study Quality Assessment Tools | NHLBI, NIH. [Internet]. [cited 15 Jul, 2020]. Available from: https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health-topics\/study-quality-assessment-tools"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib15","unstructured":"Sch\u00fcnemann H, Bro\u017cek J, Guyatt G, Oxman A, editors. GRADE Handbook for Grading Quality of Evidence and Strength of Recommendations. [Internet]. The GRADE Working Group; 2013. Available from: guidelinedevelopment.org\/handbook"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib16","unstructured":"Evidence Prime, Inc. GRADEpro GDT, : GRADEpro Guideline Development Tool. [Internet]. McMaster University; 2020. Available from: gradepro.org"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib17","unstructured":"Review Manager (RevMan) [Computer program]. Version 5.4, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2020"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-135","article-title":"Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from the sample size, median, range and\/or interquartile range","volume":"14","author":"Wan","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Method"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0210501","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0210501","article-title":"Effectiveness of micronutrient-fortified rice consumption on anaemia and zinc status among vulnerable women in Bangladesh","volume":"14","author":"Ara","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib20","first-page":"904","article-title":"Serum zinc levels of school children on a corn-soy blend feeding trial in primary schools in Suba district, Kenya","volume":"17","author":"Ohiokpehai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Biosciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-015-0356-x","article-title":"Zinc absorption from fortified milk powder in adolescent girls","volume":"168","author":"M\u00e9ndez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/74.1.125","article-title":"Folic acid enrichment of bread does not appear to affect zinc absorption in young women","volume":"74","author":"Hansen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1766","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.26993","article-title":"Effect of fortification with multiple micronutrients and n-3 fatty acids on growth and cognitive performance in Indian schoolchildren: the CHAMPION (Children's Health and Mental Performance Influenced by Optimal Nutrition) Study","volume":"89","author":"Muthayya","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.108.099754","article-title":"Multi-micronutrient-fortified biscuits decreased prevalence of anemia and improved micronutrient status and effectiveness of deworming in rural Vietnamese school children","volume":"139","author":"Nga","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0651","article-title":"Decreased parasite load and improved cognitive outcomes caused by deworming and consumption of multi-micronutrient fortified biscuits in rural Vietnamese schoolchildren","volume":"85","author":"Nga","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib26","unstructured":"Higgins JPT, Green S, (editors). Table 7.7.a: Formulae for combining groups [Internet]. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Version 5.1.0. Updated March 2011. The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from: https:\/\/handbook-5-1.cochrane.org\/chapter_7\/table_7_7_a_formulae_for_combining_groups.htm"},{"issue":"07","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.5414\/TEX01376","article-title":"Fortified milk consumption among 6-year old children: changes in biochemical markers of trace minerals and vitamins","volume":"32","author":"Trinidad","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trace Elem Electrolytes"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.5958\/0976-5506.2019.00852.0","article-title":"Effect of iron and zinc substance giving through fortification rice on stress level of school age children in Islamic boarding school Annihayahkarawang","volume":"10","author":"Ibnu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib29","first-page":"535","article-title":"Fortified juice drink improved iron and zinc status of schoolchildren","volume":"20","author":"Angeles-Agdeppa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib30","unstructured":"IZiNCG,. Determining the risk of zinc deficiency: Assessment of dietary zinc intake. [Internet]. 2019. Report No. 3, 2nd Edition. Available from: https:\/\/static1.squarespace.com\/static\/56424f6ce4b0552eb7fdc4e8\/t\/5c902182f4e1fc1b316b4bbc\/1552949640178\/IZiNCG_Practical+Tips+2nd+Ed_18Mar2019.pdf"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib31","unstructured":"Hotz C, Brown KH, (editors). Assessment of the Risk of Zinc Deficiency in Populations. International Zinc Nutrition Consultative Group (IZiNCG) Technical Document #1: Assessment of the Risk of Zinc Deficiency in Populations and Options for its Control. [Internet]. Tokyo, Japan: United Nations University Press; 2004. p., S130\u201362.. Available from: https:\/\/static1.squarespace.com\/static\/56424f6ce4b0552eb7fdc4e8\/t\/574f3c9059827e6b31d9efc3\/1464810644878\/Volume+25+Chapter+2.pdf"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib32","year":"1995","journal-title":"Physical status: The Use and Interpretation of Anthropometry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2532","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/32.12.2532","article-title":"Zinc nutritional-status of young middle-income children and effects of consuming zinc-fortified breakfast cereals","volume":"32","author":"Hambidge","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"217","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib34","first-page":"53","article-title":"Inclusion of zinc fortified tea into the children's diet and its hygienicassessment","author":"Tukvadze","year":"2013","journal-title":"Georgian Med News"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-014-9656-x","article-title":"Effects of zinc-fortified drinking skim milk (as functional food) on cytokine release and thymic hormone activity in very old persons: a pilot study","volume":"36","author":"Costarelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Age"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.110.136770","article-title":"A multi-micronutrient beverage enhances the vitamin A and zinc status of Nigerian primary schoolchildren","volume":"141","author":"Aaron","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib37","first-page":"S102","article-title":"Effects of Bifidobacterium animalis lactis HN019 (DR10TM), inulin, and micronutrient fortified milk on faecal DR10TM, immune markers, and maternal micronutrients among Indonesian pregnant women","volume":"25","author":"Wibowo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-10-36","article-title":"Ingestion of micronutrient fortified breakfast cereal has no influence on immune function in healthy children: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"10","author":"Nieman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nutr J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2011.178","article-title":"The effect of a 1-year multiple micronutrient or n-3 fatty acid fortified food intervention on morbidity in Indian school children","volume":"66","author":"Thomas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.3923\/pjn.2014.28.32","article-title":"Role of biscuits enriched with albumin protein from snakehead fish, zinc and iron on immune response of under five children","volume":"13","author":"Sari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Nutrition"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-199802000-00008","article-title":"The effect of zinc-supplemented bread consumption on school children with asymptomatic zinc deficiency","volume":"26","author":"Kili\u00e7","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-018-1734-x","article-title":"Effects of fortified milk on cognitive abilities in school-aged children: results from a randomized-controlled trial","volume":"58","author":"Petrova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.116.245076","article-title":"Iron, zinc, folate, and vitamin B-12 status increased among women and children in Yaounde and Douala, Cameroon, 1 year after introducing fortified wheat flour","volume":"147","author":"Engle-Stone","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1177\/156482651203300210","article-title":"Effectiveness of fortified flour for enhancement of vitamin and mineral intakes and nutrition status in Northwest Chinese villages","volume":"33","author":"Huo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Nutr Bull"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib45","unstructured":"Dutta A,. Assessment of fortification of Mid-Day Meal Programme in Dhenkanal, Odisha, 2016-2018 Evaluation Report \u2013 India. World Food Programme, 2020. Available from: https:\/\/reliefweb.int\/report\/india\/assessment-fortification-mid-day-meal-programme-dhenkanal-odisha-2016-2018-evaluation"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib46","year":"2020","journal-title":"Count of Nutrients in Standards"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2128","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.110.122812","article-title":"Plasma zinc concentration responds rapidly to the initiation and discontinuation of short-term zinc supplementation in healthy men","volume":"140","author":"Wessells","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.6.1570","article-title":"Zinc absorption as a function of the dose of zinc sulfate in aqueous solution","volume":"80","author":"Tran","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lazzerini M, Wanzira H,. Oral zinc for treating diarrhoea in children. Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group, editor. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016; [cited 6 Oct, 2020] [Internet]; Available from: http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD005436.pub5","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005436.pub5"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1590\/S1020-49892013000500009","article-title":"Zinc supplementation for treating diarrhea in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Galvao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Revista Panamericana de Salud Publica"},{"issue":"Supplement 1","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i63","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyq023","article-title":"Zinc for the treatment of diarrhoea: effect on diarrhoea morbidity, mortality and incidence of future episodes","volume":"39","author":"Walker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mayo-Wilson E, Junior JA, Imdad A, Dean S, Chan XHS, Chan ES, Jaswal A, Bhutta ZA,. Zinc Supplementation for Preventing Mortality, Morbidity, and Growth Failure in Children Aged 6 Months to 12 Years of Age. Cochrane Developmental, Psychosocial and Learning Problems Group, editor. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews [Internet]. 2014[cited 6 Oct, 2020]; Available from: http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/14651858.CD009384.pub2","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009384.pub2"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1007\/s10534-012-9524-z","article-title":"Acute inhibition of iron bioavailability by zinc: studies in humans","volume":"25","author":"Olivares","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biometals"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.5.1378S","article-title":"Dietary factors influencing zinc absorption","volume":"130","author":"L\u00f6nnerdal","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib55","first-page":"377","article-title":"Iron bioavailability from ferric pyrophosphate in extruded rice cofortified with zinc sulfate is greater than when cofortified with zinc oxide in a human stable isotope study","volume":"147","author":"Hackl","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2006.01.006","article-title":"Zinc requirements and the risks and benefits of zinc supplementation","volume":"20","author":"Maret","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Med Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9020148","article-title":"Genetic variations as modifying factors to dietary zinc requirements \u2013 a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Day","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901541","article-title":"Genetic effects on toxic and essential elements in humans: arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, selenium, and zinc in erythrocytes","volume":"118","author":"Whitfield","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib59","first-page":"370","article-title":"Effects of supplementing calcium, iron and zinc on the fetus development and growth during pregnancy","volume":"35","author":"An","year":"2001","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib60","unstructured":"World Health Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization, UNICEF, Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, Micronutrient Initiative, Flour Fortification Intiative. Recommendations on wheat and maize flour fortification. Meeting Report: Interim Consensus Statement [Internet]. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2009. (cited 26 Aug, 2020). Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/nutrition\/publications\/micro-nutrients\/wheat_maize_fort.pdf"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib61","series-title":"WHO guideline: fortification of maize flour and corn meal with vitamins and minerals","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib62","year":"2012","journal-title":"Assessing Population Zinc Status with Serum Zinc Concentration"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib63","year":"2019","journal-title":"Collecting Blood in the Field for Assessment of Plasma or Serum Zinc Concentration"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib64","first-page":"118","article-title":"The effectiveness of fortified flour on micro-nutrient status in rural female adults in China","volume":"20","author":"Huo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2012.10720467","article-title":"Effect of micronutrient-fortified milk on zinc intake and plasma concentration in adolescent girls","volume":"31","author":"M\u00e9ndez","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Coll Nutr"},{"issue":"7585","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39035.482396.55","article-title":"Effects of fortified milk on morbidity in young children in north India: community based, randomised, double masked placebo controlled trial","volume":"334","author":"Sazawal","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2012.188","article-title":"Efficacy of a multi micronutrient-fortified drink in improving iron and micronutrient status among schoolchildren with low iron stores in India: a randomised, double-masked placebo-controlled trial","volume":"67","author":"Thankachan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1590\/1413-81232017222.17322016","article-title":"Impact of rice fortified with iron, zinc, thiamine and folic acid on laboratory measurements of nutritional status of preschool children","volume":"22(2)","author":"Della\u00a0Lucia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ci\u00eancia & Sa\u00fade Coletiva"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib69","first-page":"326","article-title":"Impact of milk consumption on performance and health of primary school children in rural Vietnam","volume":"18","author":"Do","year":"2009","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114511006945","article-title":"Multi-micronutrient-fortified biscuits decreased the prevalence of anaemia and improved iron status, whereas weekly iron supplementation only improved iron status in Vietnamese school children","volume":"108","author":"Hieu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.112.166058","article-title":"Extruded rice grains fortified with zinc, iron, and vitamin A increase zinc status of Thai school children when incorporated into a school lunch program","volume":"143","author":"Pinkaew","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/87.6.1715","article-title":"A micronutrient-fortified seasoning powder reduces morbidity and improves short-term cognitive function, but has no effect on anthropometric measures in primary school children in northeast Thailand: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"87","author":"Manger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-011-0226-z","article-title":"Micronutrient status in lactating mothers before and after introduction of fortified flour: cross-sectional surveys in Maela refugee camp","volume":"51","author":"Stuetz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12167","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0012167","article-title":"Micronutrient fortified milk improves iron status, anemia and growth among children 1-4 years: a double masked, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"5","author":"Sazawal","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2633","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/136.10.2633","article-title":"Fortifying milk with ferrous gluconate and zinc oxide in a public nutrition program reduced the prevalence of anemia in toddlers","volume":"136","author":"Villalpando","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"56","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1024\/0300-9831.79.56.348","article-title":"Impact of a multiple-micronutrient fortified salt on the nutritional status and memory of schoolchildren","volume":"79","author":"Vinodkumar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Vitam Nutr Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/81.3.637","article-title":"Longitudinal measurements of zinc absorption in Peruvian children consuming wheat products fortified with iron only or iron and 1 of 2 amounts of zinc","volume":"81","author":"L\u00f3pez\u00a0de\u00a0Roma\u00f1a","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-514","article-title":"Impact of micronutrient fortification of yoghurt on micronutrient status markers and growth \u2013 a randomized double blind controlled trial among school children in Bangladesh","volume":"13","author":"Sazawal","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-012-9512-8","article-title":"Evaluation of the impact of a food program on the micronutrient nutritional status of Argentinean lactating mothers","volume":"150","author":"Varea","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/136.6.1617","article-title":"A multimicronutrient-fortified seasoning powder enhances the hemoglobin, zinc, and iodine status of primary school children in North East Thailand: a randomized controlled trial of efficacy","volume":"136","author":"Winichagoon","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/137.9.2147","article-title":"A multiple-micronutrient-fortified beverage affects hemoglobin, iron, and vitamin A status and growth in adolescent girls in rural Bangladesh","volume":"137","author":"Ziauddin\u00a0Hyder","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.13181\/mji.v18i3.361","article-title":"Effect of a six-month iron-zinc fortified milk supplementation on nutritional status, physical capacity and speed learning process in Indonesian underweight schoolchildren: randomized, placebo-controlled","volume":"18","author":"Bardosono","year":"2009","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Indonesia"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2010.04.004","article-title":"Effect of vitamin A, vitamin A plus iron and multiple micronutrient-fortified seasoning powder on infectious morbidity of preschool children [electronic resource]","volume":"27","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4172\/2324-9323.1000133","article-title":"School food fortification improves nutrition status of students from poor migrant","volume":"3","author":"Sun","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Food Nutr Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-011-8978-0","article-title":"Short-term evaluation of the impact of a food program on the micronutrient nutritional status of Argentinean children under the age of six","volume":"143","author":"Varea","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9091002","article-title":"A micronutrient fortified beverage given at different dosing frequencies had limited impact on anemia and micronutrient status in Filipino schoolchildren","volume":"9","author":"Angeles-Agdeppa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.6.1834","article-title":"A multinutrient-fortified beverage enhances the nutritional status of children in Botswana","volume":"133","author":"Abrams","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib88","first-page":"424","article-title":"Zinc-supplemented bread and its utilization in zinc deficiency","volume":"73","author":"Saldamli","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cereal Chem"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2843","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11122843","article-title":"Multi-micronutrient fortified rice improved serum zinc and folate concentrations of Cambodian school children. A double-blinded cluster-randomized controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Kuong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.110.136952","article-title":"Plasma zinc concentration increases within 2 weeks in healthy Senegalese men given liquid supplemental zinc, but not zinc-fortified wheat bread","volume":"141","author":"Aaron","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib91","first-page":"S124","article-title":"Effect of consuming zinc-fortified bread on serum zinc and iron status of zinc-deficient women: a double blind, randomized clinical trial","volume":"3","author":"Badii","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3031","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/134.11.3031","article-title":"Na2EDTA enhances the absorption of iron and zinc from fortified rice flour in Sri Lankan children","volume":"134","author":"Hettiarachchi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab065_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2229","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6062229","article-title":"Zinc fortification decreases ZIP1 gene expression of some adolescent females with appropriate plasma zinc levels","volume":"6","author":"M\u00e9ndez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutrients"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab094","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000}}],"container-title":["Advances in Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2161831322004720?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2161831322004720?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/advances\/article-pdf\/12\/5\/1821\/40472920\/nmab065.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/advances\/article-pdf\/12\/5\/1821\/40472920\/nmab065.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T01:33:04Z","timestamp":1685669584000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2161831322004720"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":93,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S2161831322004720"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/advances\/nmab065","relation":{"erratum":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1093\/advances\/nmab094","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2161-8313"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2161-8313","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of Foods Fortified with Zinc, Alone or Cofortified with Multiple Micronutrients, on Health and Functional Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Advances in Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/advances\/nmab065","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Author(s). Published by ELSEVIERCOMPANY on behalf of American Society for Nutrition.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}