{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T11:15:31Z","timestamp":1782126931712,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,18]],"date-time":"2021-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002920","name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UGC\/FDS17\/M01\/16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UGC\/FDS17\/M01\/16"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002920","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the effect of functional task exercise on everyday problem-solving ability and functional status in older adults with mild cognitive impairment compared to single exercise or cognitive training and no treatment control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A single-blind, four-arm randomised controlled trial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Out-patient clinic and community centre.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>Older adults with mild cognitive impairment aged \u226560 living in community.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants (N\u2009=\u2009145) were randomised to 8-week functional task exercise (N\u2009=\u200934), cognitive training (N\u2009=\u200938), exercise training (N\u2009=\u200937), or wait-list control (N\u2009=\u200936) group. Outcomes measures: Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination, Category Verbal Fluency Test, Trail Making Test, Problems in Everyday Living Test, Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale; Chair stand test, Berg Balance Scale, and Short Form-12 Health Survey were conducted at baseline, post-intervention and 5-months follow-up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Post-intervention results of ANCOVA revealed cognitive training improved everyday problem-solving (P\u2009=\u20090.012) and exercise training improved functional status (P\u2009=\u20090.003) compared to wait-list control. Functional task exercise group demonstrated highest improvement compared to cognitive training, exercise training and wait-list control groups in executive function (P range\u2009=\u20090.003\u20130.018); everyday problem-solving (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001); functional status (P range\u2009=\u2009&amp;lt;.001\u20130.002); and physical performance (P\u2009=\u20090.008) at post-intervention, with all remained significant at 5-month follow-up, and further significant improvement in mental well-being (P\u2009=\u20090.043).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Functional task exercise could be an effective intervention to improve everyday problem-solving ability and functional status in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. The findings support combining cognitive and exercise intervention may give additive and even synergistic effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afab210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T19:45:14Z","timestamp":1633031114000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Effects of functional task exercise on everyday problem-solving ability and functional status in older adults with mild cognitive impairment\u2014a randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4993-259X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lawla L F","family":"Law","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical and Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong SAR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent C T","family":"Mok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Centre for Prevention of Dementia, Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew K S","family":"Yau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical and Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong SAR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth N K","family":"Fong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022011308511964100_ref1","volume-title":"World Alzheimer Report 2018- The state of the art of dementia research: New frontiers","author":"Patterson","year":"2018"},{"key":"2022011308511964100_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317514568889","article-title":"Worries about getting Alzheimer's: who's concerned?","volume":"30","author":"Cutler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen"},{"key":"2022011308511964100_ref3","volume-title":"Dementia Facts and figures: Dementia statistics","author":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease International","year":"2020"},{"key":"2022011308511964100_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-019-0480-5","article-title":"Reversible predictors of reversion from mild cognitive impairment to normal cognition: a 4-year longitudinal study","volume":"11","author":"Shimada","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"key":"2022011308511964100_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2011.614598","article-title":"An examination of instrumental activities of daily living assessment in older adults and mild cognitive impairment","volume":"34","author":"Gold","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Neuropsychol"},{"key":"2022011308511964100_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160087","article-title":"Daily function as predictor of dementia in cognitive impairment, no dementia (CIND) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI): an 8-year follow-up in the ILSA study","volume":"53","author":"Di Carlo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"2022011308511964100_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2018.12.003","article-title":"What outcomes are important to patients with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease, their caregivers, and health-care professionals? 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