{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T22:25:24Z","timestamp":1792535124169,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The relationship between anxiety and depressive symptoms is complex and may vary across the lifespan. Symptom network analyses offer a powerful tool to examine these interactions, but few studies have directly compared symptom networks in younger and older adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analysed data from the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience (Cam-CAN) study, including 786 participants aged 18 to 88, who reported at least subclinical levels of symptoms on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Network analysis was employed to examine symptom communities (clusters of related symptoms), within- and between-community connectivity (association strength), and centrality (symptom importance) across age groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The overall network structure, separating anxiety and depressive symptoms into two communities, remained stable. However, older adults showed reduced connectivity within depression and between depression and anxiety. While \u2018panic\u2019 was a consistently central symptom, \u2018rumination\u2019 and \u2018restlessness\u2019 were the key bridge symptoms (i.e. linking anxiety and depression) in young and older adults, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings reveal both stable and dynamic aspects of depression and anxiety symptoms across the lifespan. Reduced within-community connectivity for depressive symptoms suggests greater heterogeneity in how depression manifests in older populations. The shift in bridging symptoms, from cognitive (rumination) in young adults to somatic (restlessness) in older adults, suggests subtle yet clinically important differences in how depression and anxiety are linked across the lifespan. Our findings support age-informed assessment and diagnosis of depressive and anxiety symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afaf153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T07:26:57Z","timestamp":1748244417000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Depression and anxiety symptom networks across the lifespan"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9733-707X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Harlev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy , Stanley Steyer School of Health Professions, Gray Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801,","place":["Israel"]},{"name":"Rambam Health Care Campus, Department of Psychiatry , Haifa 31999 ,","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aya","family":"Vituri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tel Aviv Center for Artificial Intelligence & Data Science (TAD) , Tel Aviv University, 6997801,","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moni","family":"Shahar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tel Aviv Center for Artificial Intelligence & Data Science (TAD) , Tel Aviv University, 6997801,","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4652-7727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noham","family":"Wolpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy , Stanley Steyer School of Health Professions, Gray Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801,","place":["Israel"]},{"name":"Sagol School of Neuroscience , Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801,","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025070304270649700_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-020-00789-3","article-title":"Dissecting diagnostic heterogeneity in depression by integrating neuroimaging and genetics","volume":"46","author":"Buch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"2025070304270649700_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-4446-2020-0650","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of major depressive disorder: a systematic review","volume":"42","author":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Rojas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Braz J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2025070304270649700_ref3","first-page":"519","article-title":"Subclinical depression: a clinically relevant condition?","volume":"50","author":"Cuijpers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Tijdschr Voor Psychiatr"},{"key":"2025070304270649700_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.04.067","article-title":"Is subthreshold depression in adolescence clinically relevant?","volume":"309","author":"Noyes","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"2025070304270649700_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22026","article-title":"Diagnostic overlap of generalized anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder in a primary care sample","volume":"29","author":"Zbozinek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"2025070304270649700_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2007.06.005","article-title":"Risk factors for anxiety and depression in the elderly: A review","volume":"106","author":"Vink","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"2025070304270649700_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.09.005","article-title":"What are \u201cgood\u201d depression symptoms? 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