{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T19:46:56Z","timestamp":1790192816574,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Urinary Incontinence (UI) is highly prevalent in older residents of nursing homes. For many, management consists of using appropriate products (pads) maintained by a check and change regimen; this is often poorly managed. Digital health technology devices, like urine saturation sensors, may aid ensure timely change of pads. This study examined the efficacy and safety of the use of the TENA SmartCare Change Indicator (Change Indicator) device for nursing home residents with UI.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cluster randomised controlled trial of device use in older nursing home residents with UI, compared to usual care. Co-primary outcomes were a compound care efficiency score and change in skin health. Secondary resident and caregiver outcomes were also compared.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fourteen sites were recruited, nine of which operated routine check and change regimens. Included units comprised 108 residents, 53 in the intervention group and 49 in the usual care group and 83 caregivers (31 usual care, 52 intervention). The median age of residents was 87 (range 59\u2013101) years; 21.5% were male. Care efficiency was improved by 30\u00a0min\/day in the intervention group and 16\u00a0min\/day in the usual care group (P\u00a0&amp;gt;\u2009.05). There was no change in skin health. There were statistically significant improvements in sleep quality and a total of 24\u00a0hour absorbency of pads used, favouring device use. One device related harm was reported.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This comparative trial of a device designed to improve the delivery of continence care to older residents of nursing homes resulted in reductions in time spent in continence care by 30\u00a0min\/day, or a 31% reduction. Given that the study failed to demonstrate its primary outcome, it is difficult to assess the clinical relevance of device use. The reduction in pad use and in number of sleep interruptions are valuable outcomes. A longer-term implementation and efficacy study is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afaf236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T12:41:56Z","timestamp":1755693716000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A post-market, cluster randomised controlled trial of the effect of the TENA SmartCare Change Indicator on continence care efficiency and skin health in nursing homes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5372-530X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian","family":"Wagg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Alberta , 1-198 Clinical Sciences Building 11350 - 83 Avenue 1-198 CSB 11350-83 Ave, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fredrik","family":"Agholme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Clinical Affairs, Essity Hygiene and Health AB , Gothenburg, V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland County ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hardy","family":"Schwiegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Clinical Affairs, Essity BSN Medical , Hamburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Huige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Clinical Affairs, Essity Hygiene and Health AB , Gothenburg, V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland County ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Hayder-Beichel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krefeld West Campus, Hochschule, Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences , Krefeld, North Rhine-Westphalia ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082008415080100_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.125704","article-title":"The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: report from the standardisation sub-committee of the international continence society","volume":"187","author":"Abrams","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2025082008415080100_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2011.10498.x","article-title":"Worldwide prevalence estimates of lower urinary tract symptoms, overactive bladder, urinary incontinence, and bladder outlet obstruction","volume":"108","author":"Griebling","year":"2011","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"2025082008415080100_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.20291","article-title":"Prevalence of urinary incontinence among community-dwelling adults receiving home care","volume":"31","author":"Du Moulin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Res Nurs Health"},{"key":"2025082008415080100_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.12.084","article-title":"Using prompted voiding to manage urinary incontinence in nursing homes: can it Be sustained?","volume":"18","author":"Lai","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"2025082008415080100_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20668","article-title":"Prevalence of urinary incontinence and associated risk factors in nursing home residents: a systematic review","volume":"28","author":"Offermans","year":"2009","journal-title":"NeurourolUrodyn"},{"key":"2025082008415080100_ref6","volume-title":"The Silverbook: Part A, common clinical conditions in aged care","year":"2020"},{"key":"2025082008415080100_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2010.532284","article-title":"Urinary incontinence in a community sample of older adults: prevalence and impact on quality of life","volume":"33","author":"Sims","year":"2011","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"2025082008415080100_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.4140\/TCP.n.2015.533","article-title":"Clinical burden and nonpharmacologic Management of Nursing Facility Residents with overactive bladder and\/or urinary incontinence","volume":"30","author":"Zarowitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Consultant pharmacist : the journal of the American Society of Consultant Pharmacists"},{"key":"2025082008415080100_ref9","volume-title":"Incontinence","author":"Abrams","year":"2017","edition":"6th"},{"key":"2025082008415080100_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-017-0828-2","article-title":"Can incontinence be cured? 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