{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T05:13:48Z","timestamp":1773033228344,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Retinal vessel calibres (RVCs) are non-invasive markers of microvascular health and may serve as accessible indicators of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and future cognitive impairment. This study examines whether RVCs are associated with cognitive decline, and how these associations compare with those observed for white matter hyperintensities (WMH), a known marker of CSVD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Data were analysed from community-dwelling participants aged 70+ in the ASPREE trial and sub-studies, free of dementia and cardiovascular disease at baseline. RVCs were measured from fundus photography and WMH volumes from 3\u00a0T magnetic resonance imaging. Covariate-adjusted linear mixed-effects models assessed cognitive trajectories relative to baseline RVCs and WMH volumes. Cross-sectional associations between baseline RVCs and WMHs were examined via linear regression.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study included 3540 participants with RVC data and 489 with WMH data (median [IQR] age: 73.2 [71.4-76.3] and 72.5 [71.2-75.4] years; female: 52.9% and 47.6%) over a median follow-up of 7.4 [IQR 5.5\u20138.5] and 3.8 [IQR 2.9-5.3] years, respectively. Baseline RVCs were not significantly associated with cognitive trajectories nor with baseline WMHs. Larger baseline WMH volumes were associated with greater global (Modified Mini-Mental State Examination) decline (mean 0.40 points\/year; 95% CI 0.57, 0.22) and declines in delayed memory (HVLT-r) (\u22120.13 [\u22120.22, \u22120.04]), psychomotor function (Symbol Digit Modalities Test) (\u22120.29 [\u22120.52, \u22120.07]) and to a lesser extent, executive function (Controlled Oral Word Association Test) (\u22120.09 [95% CI \u22120.22, 0.03]).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In contrast to WMH volumes, RVCs were not associated with cognitive decline. Exploring longitudinal changes in a broader range of retinal and brain biomarkers may provide deeper insights into the relationship between ocular and cerebral biomarkers in CSVD and clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afaf243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T11:54:55Z","timestamp":1755777295000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The association of retinal vessel calibre, white matter hyperintensities and cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Catherine","family":"Robb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Optimal Ageing, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive 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,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne M","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, and Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute , Minneapolis, MN ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2126-1045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rory","family":"Wolfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7039-6325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanne","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, ASPREE, Monash University , Level 5, Alfred Centre 99 Commercial Road Prahran, Melbourne, Victoria 3004 ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"INSERM, University Montpellier , Paris, \u00cele-de-France ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nigel P","family":"Stocks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide Discipline of General Practice , Adelaide, South Australia ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noni","family":"Rupasinghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raj C","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Preventive Medicine and the Rush Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center , Chicago, Illinois ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher M","family":"Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"School of Population Health, Curtin University , Perth ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter P","family":"Abhayaratna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University , Canberra, Australian Capital Territory ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary F","family":"Egan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Salah","family":"Khlif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7764-3811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trevor T J","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Alfred Health , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, St Vincent\u2019s Hospital , Melbourne, Victoria ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liubov","family":"Robman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , 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