{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T12:19:03Z","timestamp":1778588343974,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Fund","award":["4-ZZ4X"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4-ZZ4X"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To summarise outcome domains and patient-reported outcome measures used in randomised controlled trials involving older adults with non-specific low back pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seven databases were searched from inception to January 2025. Two independent reviewers screened articles, extracted data and categorised patient-reported outcome measures into outcome domains using the Dodd et\u00a0al. 38-item framework, where pain outcomes for non-specific pain are classified as \u2018general outcome\u2019, which we have relabelled as \u2018pain\u2019 for clarity. Frequencies of patient-reported outcome measure use and domain coverage were analysed. Adherence to core outcome set domains (physical functioning, pain and health-related quality of life) and core outcome measurement set for non-specific low back pain was evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From 57 included trials, 74 patient-reported outcome measures were identified across nine outcome domains. Physical functioning (n\u2009=\u200980, 36%) and pain (n\u2009=\u200957, 26%) were the most frequently assessed. The most frequently used patient-reported outcome measures were the Roland\u2013Morris Disability Questionnaire and the Visual Analogue Scale. Measures for physical functioning, pain and health-related quality of life were used in 91%, 86% and 23% of studies, respectively. Only 14% addressed all three-core outcome set domains; none adhered fully to the core outcome measurement set.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Trials involving older adults with non-specific low back pain mainly evaluated pain and physical functioning, with limited coverage of other patient-centred domains. Future research should prioritise: (i) standardising outcome measurement with valid, reliable and responsive instruments; and (ii) developing and validating comprehensive, multi-domain outcome measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afag116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T11:23:44Z","timestamp":1776684224000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Outcome domains of patient-reported outcome measures used in randomised controlled trials for older adults with non-specific low back pain: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Tony S H","family":"Chiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR, \u00a0","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae Q J","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR, \u00a0","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edmond C M","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR, \u00a0","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey C Y","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR, \u00a0","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Chiarotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General practice, Erasmus Medical Center , Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland ,","place":["Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2763-771X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katie","family":"de Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health, Medical, and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity , Brisbane, QLD ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR, \u00a0","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabianna","family":"de Jesus-Moraleida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Master in Physiotherapy and Functioning, Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1, Cear\u00e1 ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuela L","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arnold Y L","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR, \u00a0","place":["China"]},{"name":"Research Institute for Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Research Centre for Innovative Technologies for Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong SAR ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026051207562548900_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e316","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(23)00098-X","article-title":"Global, 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