{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T14:16:38Z","timestamp":1785766598367,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,1]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afj072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,26]],"date-time":"2006-04-26T20:30:02Z","timestamp":1146083402000},"page":"344-349","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Essential tremor\u2014the most common movement disorder in older people"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Bhomraj","family":"Thanvi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nelson","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_","unstructured":"PLEASE NOTE: The very long list of references supporting this review has meant that only the most important are listed here and are represented by bold type throughout the text. The full list of references is available on the journal website http:\/\/www.ageing.oxfordjournals.org\/ as Appendix 2."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB2","unstructured":"Shannon KM . Movement disorders. In: Bradley WG, Daroff RB, Fenichel GM, Jankovic J, eds. Neurology in Clinical Practice, 4th edn, Vol. II. Philadelphia: Butterworth Heinemann, 2004; pp. 2144\u20135."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB6","unstructured":"Elble RJ . Diagnostic criteria for essential tremor and differential diagnosis. Neurology 2000; 54 (11 Suppl 4): S2\u20136."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benito-Leon J , Bermejo-Pareja F, Louis ED. Neurological Disorders in Central Spain (NEDICES) Study Group. Incidence of essential tremor in three elderly populations of central Spain. Neurology 2005; 64: 1721\u20135.","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000161852.70374.01"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Louis ED , Marder K, Cote L et al. Differences in the prevalence of essential tremor among elderly African Americans, whites, and Hispanics in northern Manhattan, NY. Arch Neurol 1995; 52: 1201\u20135.","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1995.00540360079019"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Louis ED , Ottman R. How familial is familial tremor? The genetic epidemiology of essential tremor. Neurology 1996; 46: 1200\u20135.","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.46.5.1200"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lou JS , Jankovic J. Essential tremor: clinical correlates in 350 patients. Neurology 1991; 41: 234\u20138.","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.2_Part_1.234"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Louis ED , Ottman R, Ford B et al. Washington Heights\u2013Inwood. Genetic Study of Essential Tremor: methodologic issues in essential-tremor research. Neuroepidemiology 1997; 16: 124\u201333.","DOI":"10.1159\/000109681"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bain PG , Findley LJ, Thompson PD et al. A study of hereditary essential tremor. Brain 1994; 117: 805\u201324.","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.4.805"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Louis ED , Zheng W, Watner D et al. Essential tremor: occupational exposures to manganese and organic solvents. Neurology 2004; 63: 2162\u20134.","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000145600.91491.F2"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Louis ED , Zheng W, Applegate L, Shi L, Factor-Litvak P. Blood harmane concentrations and dietary protein consumption in essential tremor. Neurology 2005; 65: 391\u20136.","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000172352.88359.2d"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilms H , Sievers J, Deuschl G. Animal models of tremor. Mov Disord 1999; 14: 557\u201371.","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8257(199907)14:4<557::AID-MDS1004>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Montigny C de , Lamarre Y. Rhythmic activity induced by harmaline in the olivo-cerebello-bulbar system of the cat. Brain Res 1973; 53: 81\u201395.","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(73)90768-3"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stratton SE , Lorden JF. Effect of harmaline on cells of the inferior olive in the absence of tremor: differential response of genetically dystonic and harmaline-tolerant rats. Neuroscience 1991; 41: 543\u20139.","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(91)90347-Q"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elble RJ , Higgins C, Hughes L. Phase resetting and frequency entrainment of essential tremor. Exp Neurol 1992; 116: 355\u201361.","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(92)90014-H"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boecker H , Brooks DJ. Functional imaging of tremor. Mov Disord 1998; 13 (Suppl): 64\u201372.","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870131311"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Louis ED , Honig LS, Vonsattel JP, Maraganore DM, Borden S, Moskowitz CB. Essential tremor associated with focal nonnigral Lewy bodies: a clinicopathologic study. Arch Neurol. 2005; 62: 1004\u20137.","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.62.6.1004"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koller WC , Busenbark K, Gray C, Hassanein RS, Dubinsky R. Classification of essential tremor. Clin Neuropharmacol 1992; 15: 81\u20137.","DOI":"10.1097\/00002826-199204000-00001"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rajput A , Robinson CA, Rajput AH. Essential tremor course and disability: a clinicopathologic study of 20 cases. Neurology 2004; 62: 932\u20136.","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000115145.18830.1A"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dogu O , Sevim S, Louis ED, Kaleagasi H, Aral M. Reduced body mass index in patients with essential tremor: a population-based study in the province of Mersin, Turkey. Arch Neurol 2004; 61: 386\u20139.","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.61.3.386"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB37","unstructured":"Bain PG . Tremor assessment and quality of life measurement. Neurology 2004; 54 (Suppl): s26\u20139."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bain PG , Findley LJ, Atchison P et al. Assessing tremor severity. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1993; 56: 863\u201373.","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.56.8.868"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marshall V , Grosset D. Role of dopamine transporter imaging in routine clinical practice. Mov Disord 2003; 18: 1415\u201323.","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10592"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zesiewicz TA , Elble R, Louis ED et al; Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Practice parameter: therapies for essential tremor: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 2005; 64: 2008\u201320.","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000163769.28552.CD"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB43","unstructured":"Findley LJ , Cleeves L. Beta adrenoreceptor antagonists in essential tremor. Lancet 1984; 1: 856\u20137."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB46","unstructured":"Huttunen J , Teravainen H, Larsen TA. Beta-adrenoceptor antagonists in essential tremor. Lancet 1984; 1: 857."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jankovic J , Schwartz K, Clemence W, Aswad A, Mordaunt J. A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study to evaluate botulinum toxin type A in essential tremor. Mov Disord 1996; 11: 250\u20136.","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870110306"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huber SJ , Paulson GW. Efficacy of alprazolam for essential tremor. Neurology 1988; 38: 241\u20133.","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.38.2.241"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Busenbark K , Pahwa R, Hubble J, Hopfensperger K, Koller W, Pogrebra K. Double-blind controlled study of methazolamide in the treatment of essential tremor. Neurology 1993; 43: 1045\u20137.","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.5.1045"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morita S , Miwa H, Kondo T. Effect of zonisamide on essential tremor: a pilot crossover study in comparison with arotinolol. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2005; 11: 101\u20133.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2004.09.004"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blacker HM , Bertrand C, Martinez N, Hardy J, Molina-Negro P. Hypotonia accompanying the neurosurgical relief of essential tremor. J Nerv Ment Dis 1968; 147: 49\u201355.","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-196807000-00006"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koller W , Pahwa R, Busenbark K et al. High-frequency unilateral thalamic stimulation in the treatment of essential and parkinsonian tremor. Ann Neurol 1997; 42: 292\u20139.","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410420304"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Louis ED , Barnes L, Albert SM et al. Correlates of functional disability in essential tremor. Mov Disord 2001; 16: 914\u201320.","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.1184"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bain PG , Findley LJ, Thompson PD et al. A study of hereditary essential tremor. Brain 1994; 117: 805\u201324.","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.4.805"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171010131528_BIB60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Troster AI , Pahwa R, Fields JA, Tanner CM, Lyons KE. Quality of life in Essential Tremor Questionnaire (QUEST): development and initial validation. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2005; 11: 367\u201373.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2005.05.009"}],"container-title":["Age and Ageing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ageing\/article-pdf\/35\/4\/344\/50737\/afj072.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,18]],"date-time":"2019-04-18T05:35:48Z","timestamp":1555565748000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ageing\/article\/35\/4\/344\/21908\/Essential-tremorthe-most-common-movement-disorder"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,26]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ageing\/afj072","relation":{},"ISSN":["1468-2834","0002-0729"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1468-2834","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0002-0729","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,26]]}}}