{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T22:26:57Z","timestamp":1793485617895,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,3]],"date-time":"2019-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Company Diabetes Alliance"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004312","name":"Eli Lilly and Company","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004312","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008349","name":"Boehringer Ingelheim","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The risks of cardio-renal complications of diabetes increase with age. In the EMPA-REG OUTCOME\u00ae trial, empagliflozin reduced cardiovascular (CV) mortality by 38% in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and CV disease. Here we compare outcomes with empagliflozin in older patients in EMPA-REG OUTCOME.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with T2D and CV disease were randomised to empagliflozin 10 or 25\u2009mg, or placebo plus standard of care. In post hoc analyses, risks of 3-point major adverse CV events (3P-MACE: composite of CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) or non-fatal stroke), CV death, hospitalisation for heart failure, all-cause mortality, all-cause hospitalisation and incident\/worsening nephropathy were evaluated for empagliflozin versus placebo by baseline age (&amp;lt;65, 65 to &amp;lt;75, \u226575\u2009years). Adverse events (AEs) were analysed descriptively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Effect of empagliflozin on all outcomes was consistent across age categories (P\u2009\u2265\u20090.05 for interactions) except 3P-MACE. The 3P-MACE hazard ratios (HRs) were 1.04 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84, 1.29), 0.74 (0.58, 0.93) and 0.68 (0.46, 1.00) in patients aged &amp;lt;65, 65 to &amp;lt;75, and \u226575\u2009years, respectively (P\u2009=\u20090.047 for treatment-by-age group interaction). Corresponding CV death HRs were 0.72 (95% CI 0.52, 1.01), 0.54 (0.37, 0.79) and 0.55 (0.32, 0.94), respectively (P\u2009=\u20090.484 for treatment-by-age group interaction). Across age categories, empagliflozin AEs reflected its known safety profile. Rates of bone fractures, renal AEs and diabetic ketoacidosis were similar between empagliflozin and placebo across age categories.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial, empagliflozin reduced risks of CV mortality, heart failure and renal outcomes, supporting its cardio-renal benefits in older patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afz096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,8]],"date-time":"2019-07-08T15:09:01Z","timestamp":1562598541000},"page":"859-866","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":127,"title":["Efficacy and safety of empagliflozin in older patients in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME\u00ae trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Pedro","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra, Praceta Prof. Mota Pinto, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard M","family":"Bergenstal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Diabetes Center at Park Nicollet, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elvira","family":"Toural","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Salud Lavapies, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvio E","family":"Inzucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Zinman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Luenefeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Hantel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanja Giljanovic","family":"Ki\u0161","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eli Lilly (Suisse) S.A., Representative Office, Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Kaspers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jyothis T","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Fitchett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Michael\u2019s Hospital, Division of Cardiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021031607312732800_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.2337\/dci17-0005","article-title":"Diabetes and aging: unique considerations and goals of care","volume":"40","author":"Kalyani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2021031607312732800_ref2","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2014"},{"key":"2021031607312732800_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2650","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-1801","article-title":"Diabetes in older adults","volume":"35","author":"Kirkman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2021031607312732800_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S119","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-S011","article-title":"Section 11. 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