{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T18:55:13Z","timestamp":1790362513054,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,16]],"date-time":"2019-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ESTHER study"},{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Education and Research","award":["01ET0717"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01ET0717"]}]},{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Education and Research","award":["01GY1320A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01GY1320A"]}]},{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Education and Research","award":["01GY1320B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01GY1320B"]}]},{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Family, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) are commonly defined as drugs that should be avoided in older adults because they are considered to have a negative risk-benefit ratio. PIMs are suspected to increase the risk for frailty, but this has yet to be examined.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>prospective population-based cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting and participants<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>a German cohort of community-dwelling older adults (\u226560\u00a0years) was followed from October 2008 to September 2016.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>in propensity score-adjusted logistic and Cox regression models, associations between baseline PIM use and prevalent\/incident frailty were investigated. Frailty was assessed using the definition by Fried and co-workers, PIM were defined with the 2015 BEERS criteria, the BEERS criteria to avoid in cognitively impaired patients (BEERS dementia PIM), the EU(7)-PIM and the PRISCUS list.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>of 2,865 participants, 261 were frail at baseline and 423 became frail during follow-up. Only BEERS dementia PIM use was statistically significantly associated with prevalent frailty (odds ratio (95% confidence interval), 1.51 (1.04\u20132.17)). The strength of the association was comparable for all frailty components. Similarly, in longitudinal analyses, only BEERS dementia PIM use was associated with incident frailty albeit not statistically significant (hazard ratio, 1.19 (0.84\u20131.68)).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>the association of PIM use and frailty seems to be restricted to drug classes, which can induce frailty symptoms (anticholinergics, benzodiazepines, z-substances and antipsychotics). Physicians are advised to perform frailty assessments before and after prescribing these drug classes to older patients and to reconsider treatment decisions in case of negative performance changes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afz127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,17]],"date-time":"2019-10-17T11:07:11Z","timestamp":1571310431000},"page":"20-25","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Investigation of a possible association of potentially inappropriate medication for older adults and frailty in a prospective cohort study from Germany"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Dana Clarissa","family":"Muhlack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Bergheimer Stra\u00dfe 20, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liesa Katharina","family":"Hoppe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Bergheimer Stra\u00dfe 20, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai-Uwe","family":"Saum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter E","family":"Haefeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hermann","family":"Brenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Bergheimer Stra\u00dfe 20, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Sch\u00f6ttker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Network Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Bergheimer Stra\u00dfe 20, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020010205175502800_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M146","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.3.M146","article-title":"Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype","volume":"56","author":"Fried","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"2020010205175502800_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)62167-9","article-title":"Frailty in elderly people","volume":"381","author":"Clegg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2020010205175502800_ref3","article-title":"Fit for frailty\u2014consensus best practice guidance for the care of older people living in community and outpatient settings\u2014a report from the British geriatrics society","author":"Turner","year":"2014","journal-title":"British Geriatrics Society"},{"key":"2020010205175502800_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13590","article-title":"The relationship between frailty and polypharmacy in older people: A systematic review","volume":"84","author":"Gutierrez-Valencia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"2020010205175502800_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.07.008","article-title":"Frailty, polypharmacy, and health outcomes in older adults: The frailty and dependence in Albacete study","volume":"19","author":"Bonaga","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"2020010205175502800_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e27","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14718","article-title":"Is polypharmacy associated with frailty in older people? 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