{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T11:25:00Z","timestamp":1791113100621,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1991,11,1]],"date-time":"1991-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":688953600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,11]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,5]],"date-time":"2018-01-05T16:13:20Z","timestamp":1515168800000},"page":"890-895","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":146,"title":["Vitamin A supplementation reduces measles morbidity in young African children: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Coutsoudis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Broughton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HM","family":"Coovadia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)90677-3","article-title":"Increased mortality in children with mild vitamin A deficiency","volume":"2","author":"Sommer","year":"1983","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/40.5.1090","article-title":"Increased risk of respiratory disease and diarrhoea in children with preexisting mild vitamin A deficiency","volume":"40","author":"Sommer","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/46.5.827","article-title":"Mild vitamin A deficiency and childhood morbidity\u2014an Indian experience","volume":"46","author":"Milton","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib4","first-page":"1169","article-title":"Impact of vitamin A supplementation on childhood mortality","volume":"1","author":"Sommer","year":"1986","journal-title":"A randomised controlled community trial. Lancet"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199010043231401","article-title":"Reduced mortality among children in Southern India receiving a small weekly dose of vitamin A","volume":"323","author":"Rahmathullah","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/156482658901100301","article-title":"Vitamin A deficiency and child health and survival","volume":"11","author":"Martorell","year":"1989","journal-title":"Food Nutr Bull"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1177\/156482658901100305","article-title":"Research priorities and strategies for investigation of the influence of vitamin A supplementation on morbidity","volume":"11","author":"Forman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Food Nutr Bull"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/44.6.924","article-title":"Relationship between measles, malnutrition, and blindness: a prospective study in Indian Children","volume":"44","author":"Reddy","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib9","first-page":"21","article-title":"Effect of measles on the nutritional status of preschool children","volume":"87","author":"Bhaskaram","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib10","first-page":"359","article-title":"Vitamin A status of Thai children with measles","volume":"38","author":"Varavithya","year":"1986","journal-title":"Trop Geogr Med"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/35.3.109","article-title":"Vitamin A levels and mortality among hospitalized measles patients, Kinshasa, Zaire","volume":"35","author":"Markowitz","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Trop Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.294.6567.294","article-title":"Vitamin A supplements and mortality related to measles: a randomised clinical trial","volume":"294","author":"Barclay","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.3745.708","article-title":"Intensive vitamin therapy in measles","volume":"2","author":"Ellison","year":"1932","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib14","first-page":"133","article-title":"Expanded programme on immunization: programme for the prevention of blindness nutrition","volume":"62","year":"1987","journal-title":"Joint WHO\/UNICEF statement. Vitamin A for measles. Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib15","first-page":"82","article-title":"National Workshop on measles immunization","volume":"76","author":"Ferrinho","year":"1989","journal-title":"S Aft-Med J"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-9877(85)90042-8","article-title":"Severe measles: a reappraisal of the role of nutrition, overcrowding and virus dose","volume":"18","author":"Aaby","year":"1985","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(77)92056-6","article-title":"Immunoparesis and outcome in measles","volume":"1","author":"Coovadia","year":"1977","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib18","first-page":"901","article-title":"Synergistic impact of measles and diarrhoea on nutrition and mortality in Bangladesh","volume":"59","author":"Koster","year":"1981","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib19","first-page":"950","article-title":"Vitamin A deficiency and protein-calorie malnutrition in Cape Town","volume":"42","author":"Konno","year":"1968","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.51.10.649","article-title":"Xerophthalmia and protein malnutrition in Bantu children","volume":"51","author":"Kuming","year":"1976","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib21","first-page":"343","article-title":"Vitamin A and zinc status of mother-infant pairs at three South African hospitals","volume":"3","author":"Argent","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pediatr Rev Commun"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib22","first-page":"2177","article-title":"Measles","volume":"51","author":"Coovadia","year":"1988","journal-title":"Med Int"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib23","first-page":"663","article-title":"Further predictive indices of clinical severity of measles","volume":"61","author":"Wesley","year":"1982","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib24","series-title":"Paediatric priorities in the developing world.","author":"Morley","year":"1973"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/10.2.478","article-title":"Malnutrition and overcrowding\/intensive exposure in severe measles infection: review of community studies","volume":"10","author":"Aaby","year":"1988","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/31.2.360","article-title":"Vitamin A deficiency in the Philippines: a study of xerophthalmia in Cebu","volume":"31","author":"Solon","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Gin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/33.9.2031","article-title":"The interaction of vitamin A and zinc: implications for human nutrition","volume":"33","author":"Solomons","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(78)90085-2","article-title":"Interrelationship between vitamins E and A: a clinical study","volume":"90","author":"Jagadeesan","year":"1978","journal-title":"Gin Chim Acta"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4347(00)84028-1","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of serum vitamin A and E by liquid chromatography with fluoresence detection","volume":"341","author":"Rhys","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Chromatogr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib30","series-title":"Manual for nutrition surveys.","year":"1963"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib31","unstructured":"Coutsoudis A, Coovadia HM, Broughton M, Salisbury RT, Elson I. Micronutrient utilisation during measles treated with vitamin A or placebo. Int J Vitam Nutr Res (in press)."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib32","first-page":"211","article-title":"Vitamin A","volume":"2","author":"Barker","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib33","series-title":"Interactions of nutrition and infection. WHO monograph series no. 57.","author":"Scrimshaw","year":"1968"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115502","article-title":"Mild vitamin A deficiency and risk of respiratory tract diseases and diarrhea in preschool and school children in northeastern Thailand","volume":"131","author":"Bloem","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199007193230304","article-title":"A randomized, controlled trial of vitamin A in children with severe measles","volume":"323","author":"Hussey","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nu.09.070189.000431","article-title":"Vitamin A and infection: public health implications","volume":"9","author":"West","year":"1989","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib37","first-page":"95","article-title":"Vitamin A status in children who are prone to respiratory tract infections","volume":"22","author":"Pinnock","year":"1986","journal-title":"Aust Paediatr J"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(87)80086-0","article-title":"Clinical trial of vitamin A supplementation in infants susceptible to bronchopul-monary dysplasia","volume":"111","author":"Shenai","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Pediatr"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916523319269?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916523319269?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcn\/article-pdf\/54\/5\/890\/24065051\/890.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,9]],"date-time":"2023-06-09T07:19:40Z","timestamp":1686295180000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002916523319269"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,11]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002916523319269"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9165","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Vitamin A supplementation reduces measles morbidity in young African children: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.890","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 1991 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}