{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T02:43:05Z","timestamp":1790390585398,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,12,1]],"date-time":"1996-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":849398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]],"date-time":"2023-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9580,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,4]],"date-time":"2018-01-04T17:39:46Z","timestamp":1515087586000},"page":"928-934","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Assessment of vitamin A status in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and healthy smokers"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"SA","family":"Paiva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I","family":"Godoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Vannucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RM","family":"F\u00e1varo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RR","family":"Geraldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"AO","family":"Campana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/140.5.1312","article-title":"Vitamin A, cigarette smoking, and airway obstruction.","volume":"140","author":"Morabia","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115645","article-title":"Serum retinol and airway obstruction.","volume":"132","author":"Morabia","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1990.tb00149.x","article-title":"Micronutrient status and immune function in smokers.","volume":"587","author":"Bridges","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib4","first-page":"183","article-title":"Cigarette smoking\u2014nutritional implications.","volume":"15","author":"Preston","year":"1991","journal-title":"Prog Food Nutr Sci"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.792989","article-title":"Vitamin A and the susceptibility of respiratory tract tissues to carcinogenic insult.","volume":"29","author":"Nettessheim","year":"1979","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/0955-2863(91)90088-M","article-title":"Nutritional status of general medical patients\u2014influence of age and disease.","volume":"2","author":"Woo","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-89101994000200005","article-title":"Avalia\u00c7ao dos n\u00edveis s\u00e9ricos das vitaminas A, E, C e B2, de caroten\u00f3ides e zinco, em idosos hospitalizados.(Serum levels of vitamins A, E, C and B2, carotenoid and zinc in hospitalized elderly patients.)","volume":"28","author":"Vannucchi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Rev Saude Publica"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib8","first-page":"973","article-title":"Serum vitamin A, retinol-binding protein, and prealbumin concentrations on protein-calorie malnutrition.","volume":"26","author":"Smith","year":"1973","journal-title":"I. A functional defect in hepatic retinol release. Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199207000-00007","article-title":"Blood vitamin concentrations during the acute-phase response.","volume":"20","author":"Louw","year":"1992","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib10","first-page":"69","article-title":"Food frequency methods.","volume":"15","author":"Willett","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib11","series-title":"Raw, processed, prepared. Agriculture handbook no. 8. Series 1\u201316.","article-title":"Composition of foods.","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib12","series-title":"Tabelas de composi\u00e7\u00e3o de alimentos. (Tables of food composition.)","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4347(91)80476-S","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of retinol, alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene in serum by isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography.","volume":"572","author":"Arnaud","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Chromatogr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib14","first-page":"35","article-title":"Determination of retinyl esters and retinol in serum or plasma by normal-phase liquid chromatography.","volume":"32","author":"Bankson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Method and applications. Clin Chem"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/0019-2791(65)90004-2","article-title":"Immunochemical quantitation of antigens by single radial immunodiffusion.","volume":"2","author":"Mancini","year":"1965","journal-title":"Immunochemistry"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/55.4.857","article-title":"Evaluation of vitamin A absorption by using oil-soluble and water-miscible vitamin A preparations in normal adults and in patients with gastrointestinal disease.","volume":"55","author":"Johnson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2264","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/34.10.2264","article-title":"Evaluation of the relative dose response test for vitamin A nutriture in cirrhotics.","volume":"34","author":"Mobarhan","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/56.5.911","article-title":"Sex differences in postabsorp-tive plasma vitamin A transport.","volume":"56","author":"Johnson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/109.5.778","article-title":"Response of plasma levels of vitamin A to a dose of vitamin A as indicator of hepatic vitamin A reserves in rats.","volume":"109","author":"Loerch","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/46.1.91","article-title":"Effect of an infection on vitamin A status of children as measured by the relative dose response (RDR).","volume":"46","author":"Campos","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib21","first-page":"7","article-title":"Epidemiology standardization project.","volume":"6","author":"Ferris","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/136.5.1285","article-title":"Standardization of spirometry\u20141987 update.","volume":"136","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib23","first-page":"725","article-title":"Changes in the normal expiratory flow-volume curve with growth and aging.","volume":"127","author":"Knudson","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19740060","article-title":"Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfolds thickness: measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years.","volume":"32","author":"Durnin","year":"1974","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/27.10.1052","article-title":"Triceps skin fold and upper muscle size norms for assessment of nutritional status.","volume":"27","author":"Frisancho","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)31663-7","article-title":"Nutritional assessment of the hospitalized patient.","volume":"63","author":"Blackburn","year":"1979","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8223(21)03626-9","article-title":"Dietary control of hypertension and obesity and body weight standards.","volume":"85","author":"Simopoulos","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Am Diet Assoc"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(71)90365-2","article-title":"Albumin standards and the measurement of serum albumin with bromcresol green.","volume":"31","author":"Dournas","year":"1971","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib29","series-title":"Version 1.0.","article-title":"SigmaStat for Windows.","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib30","first-page":"97","article-title":"Changes in measured spirometric indices.","volume":"80","author":"Pennock","year":"1981","journal-title":"What is significant? Chest"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1164\/arrd.1983.128.1.153","article-title":"Bronchodilator testing: confidence intervals derived from placebo inhalations.","volume":"128","author":"Sourk","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1992.tb17116.x","article-title":"Biochemical, morphological, and functional aspects of systemic and local vitamin A deficiency in the respiratory tract.","volume":"669","author":"Biesalski","year":"1992","journal-title":"Beyond deficiency series. Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib33","first-page":"1375","article-title":"Prevention and reversal by a retinoid of 3,4-benzpyrene and cigarette smoke condensate\u2014induced hyperplasia and metaplasia of rodent respiratory epithelia in organ culture.","volume":"66","author":"Lasnitzki","year":"1982","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rep"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910500120","article-title":"Tissue vitamin A repletion is impaired by exposure to carcinogen.","volume":"50","author":"Edes","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib35","first-page":"203","article-title":"Carcinogen-induced tissue vitamin A depletion.","volume":"686","author":"Edes","year":"1993","journal-title":"Potential protective advantages of \/3-carotene. Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9571","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)60570-8","article-title":"Chylomicron-chylomicron remnant clearance by liver and bone marrow in rabbits.","volume":"264","author":"Hussain","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)81793-7","article-title":"Vitamin-A supplementation and bronchopulmonary dysplasia\u2014revisited.","volume":"121","author":"Shenai","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib38","first-page":"252","article-title":"Vitamin A.","volume":"63","author":"Maiani","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int J Vitam Nutr Res"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/120.suppl_11.1459","article-title":"Methods for assessment of vitamin A status.","volume":"120","author":"Underwood","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/39.6.898","article-title":"Relation of the relative dose response to liver concentrations of vitamin A in generally well-nourished surgical patients.","volume":"39","author":"Am\u00e9d\u00e9e-Manesme","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/40.6.1281","article-title":"Assessment of marginal vitamin A deficiency in Brazilian children using the relative dose response procedure.","volume":"40","author":"Flores","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(75)90143-2","article-title":"The role of retinol-binding protein in protein-calorie malnutrition.","volume":"24","author":"Ingenbleek","year":"1975","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nu.14.070194.002431","article-title":"Transthyretin (prealbumin) in health and disease: nutritional implications.","volume":"14","author":"Ingenbleek","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib44","first-page":"351","article-title":"Cytokines, acute phase proteins, and tissue injury.","volume":"587","author":"Yamada","year":"1990","journal-title":"C-reactive protein opsonizes dead cells for debridement and stimulates cytokine production. Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib45","first-page":"109","article-title":"Acute phase response: implications for nutrition and recovery.","volume":"4","author":"Fleck","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(89)90308-8","article-title":"Vitamin A deficiency and its role in infection.","volume":"83","author":"Thurnham","year":"1989","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib47","first-page":"199","article-title":"Micronutrient utilisation during measles treated with vitamin A or placebo.","volume":"61","author":"Coutsoudis","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int J Vitam Nutr Res"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(91)90017-S","article-title":"The acute phase response and vitamin A status in malaria.","volume":"85","author":"Thurnham","year":"1991","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.1992.tb02467.x","article-title":"Low serum retinol is associated with increased severity of measles in New York City children.","volume":"50","author":"Caballero","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/60.3.388","article-title":"Vitamin A is excreted in the urine during acute infection.","volume":"60","author":"Stephensen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib51","series-title":"Biochemical methodology for the assessment of vitamin A status. A report of the International Vitamin A Consultative Group (IVACG).","first-page":"65","article-title":"Biochemical guidelines and prevalence criteria for vitamin A.","author":"Arroyave","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/59.4.891","article-title":"Effect of smoking on serum nutrient concentrations in African-American women.","volume":"59","author":"Pamuk","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114771","article-title":"Serum levels of retinol, beta carotene and alpha tocopherol in older adults.","volume":"127","author":"Comstock","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)93327-6","article-title":"Risk of angina pectoris and plasma concentrations of vitamins A, C and E and carotene.","volume":"337","author":"Riemersma","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928_bib55","first-page":"68","article-title":"Factors associated with low values of biochemical vitamin parameters in healthy subjects.","volume":"63","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Banares","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int J Vitam Nutr Res"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916523175150?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916523175150?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcn\/article-pdf\/64\/6\/928\/24035484\/928.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,9]],"date-time":"2023-06-09T04:27:55Z","timestamp":1686284875000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002916523175150"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002916523175150"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9165","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Assessment of vitamin A status in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and healthy smokers","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/64.6.928","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 1996 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}