{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T12:22:46Z","timestamp":1789647766978,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,1]],"date-time":"2004-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1096588800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,15]],"date-time":"2023-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676419200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6711,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,7]],"date-time":"2018-02-07T07:17:49Z","timestamp":1517987869000},"page":"903-910","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":192,"title":["Iron and zinc supplementation promote motor development and exploratory behavior among Bangladeshi infants"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Maureen M","family":"Black","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah H","family":"Baqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Zaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Ake Persson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shams","family":"El Arifeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scot W","family":"McNary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monowara","family":"Parveen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jena D","family":"Hamadani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert E","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1258\/0007142991902583","article-title":"The role of micronutrients in psychomotor and cognitive development","volume":"55","author":"Grantham-McGregor","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib2","series-title":"The state of the world children 2001.","article-title":"The state of the world children 2001.","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib3","series-title":"The prevalence of anemia in women: a tabulation of available information.","article-title":"Maternal health and safe motherhood programme","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.2.565S","article-title":"Defining iron-deficiency anemia in public health terms: a time for reflection","volume":"131","author":"Stoltzfus","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2001.tb06992.x","article-title":"Identifying populations at risk of zinc deficiency: the use of supplementation trials","volume":"59","author":"Hotz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1991.02160080029016","article-title":"Zinc deficiency: a public health problem?","volume":"145","author":"Sandstead","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib7","series-title":"The Cochrane Library, 4.","article-title":"Iron therapy for improving psychomotor development and cognitive function in children under the age of three with iron deficiency anaemia (Cochrane Review)","author":"Martins","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92477-B","article-title":"Reversal of developmental delays in iron-deficient anaemic infants treated with iron","volume":"341","author":"Idjradinata","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7326.1389","article-title":"Effects of iron supplementation and anthelmintic treatment on motor and language development of preschool children in Zanzibar: double blind, placebo controlled study","volume":"323","author":"Stoltzfus","year":"2001","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.112.4.846","article-title":"Behavioral and developmental effects of preventing iron-deficiency anemia in healthy full-term infants","volume":"112","author":"Lozoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.2.649S","article-title":"A review of studies on the effect of iron deficiency on cognitive development in children","volume":"131","author":"Grantham-McGregor","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/75.6.1062","article-title":"Effect of supplemental zinc on the growth and serum zinc concentrations of prepubertal children: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"75","author":"Brown","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(99)70086-7","article-title":"Prevention of diarrhea and pneumonia by zinc supplementation in children in developing countries: pooled analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"135","author":"Bhutta","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.6.1280","article-title":"Zinc supplementation in infants born small for gestational age reduces mortality: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"108","author":"Sazawal","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.5.1473S","article-title":"The evidence linking zinc deficiency with children's cognitive and motor functioning","volume":"133","author":"Black","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib16","unstructured":"Black MM, Sazawal S, Black RE, Khosla S, Kumar J, Menon V. Cognitive and motor development among small for gestational age infants: impact of zinc supplementation, birth weight, and caregiving practices. Pediatrics (in press)."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/76.4.813","article-title":"Cofortification of iron-fortified flour with zinc sulfate, but not zinc oxide, decreases iron absorption in Indonesian children","volume":"76","author":"Herman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/68.2.442S","article-title":"Iron and zinc fortification in humans","volume":"68","author":"Whittaker","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/74.5.657","article-title":"Multiple micronutrient supplementation increases the growth of Mexican infants","volume":"74","author":"Rivera","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib20","first-page":"A544","article-title":"Cognitive and neuromotor performance of Guatemalan schoolers with deficient, marginal and normal plasma B-12","volume":"13","author":"Allen","year":"1999","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601141","article-title":"Determinants of infant growth in the slums of Dhaka: size and maturity at birth, breastfeeding and morbidity","volume":"55","author":"Arifeen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/125.suppl_8.2221S","article-title":"Enduring cognitive effects of early malnutrition: a theoretical reappraisal","volume":"125","author":"Strupp","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4150","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.12.4150","article-title":"Simultaneous weekly supplementation of iron and zinc is associated with lower morbidity due to diarrhea and acute lower respiratory infection in Bangladeshi infants","volume":"133","author":"Baqui","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib24","series-title":"Human vitamin and mineral requirements.","article-title":"Human vitamin and mineral requirements.","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/32.3.526","article-title":"Evaluation of \u201cHemoCue\u201d, a new device for determining hemoglobin","volume":"32","author":"von Schenck","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib26","series-title":"Bayley scales of infant development, II.","article-title":"Bayley scales of infant development, II.","author":"Bayley","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib27","series-title":"Essentials of the Bayley scales of infant assessment II.","article-title":"Essentials of the Bayley scales of infant assessment II.","author":"Black","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib28","series-title":"Home observation for measurement of the environment.","article-title":"Home observation for measurement of the environment.","author":"Caldwell","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib29","first-page":"1","article-title":"Life at home: same time, different places\u2014an examination of the HOME inventory in different cultures","volume":"6","author":"Bradley","year":"1996","journal-title":"Early Dev Parent"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib30","series-title":"SAS system for mixed models.","article-title":"SAS system for mixed models.","author":"Littell","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib31","series-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences.","article-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences.","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib32","series-title":"Analysis of incomplete multivariate data.","article-title":"Analysis of incomplete multivariate data.","author":"Schafer","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.2.262","article-title":"Effects of exclusive breastfeeding for four versus six months on maternal nutritional status and infant motor development: results of two randomized trials in Honduras","volume":"131","author":"Dewey","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/70.4.525","article-title":"Breast-feeding and cognitive development: a meta-analysis","volume":"70","author":"Anderson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib35","series-title":"The language and thought of the child.","article-title":"The language and thought of the child.","author":"Piaget","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/1166199","article-title":"Learning in the development of infant locomotion","volume":"62","author":"Adolph","year":"1997","journal-title":"Monogr Soc Res Child Dev"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/74.3.381","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of the effect of zinc supplementation in the mental development of Bangladeshi infants","volume":"74","author":"Hamadani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903_bib38","first-page":"99","article-title":"Developmental, behavioural, and environmental risk factors for diarrhoea among rural Bangladeshi children of less than two years","volume":"13","author":"Zeitlin","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Diarrhoeal Dis Res"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916522036231?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916522036231?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcn\/article-pdf\/80\/4\/903\/23715181\/903.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]],"date-time":"2023-05-31T07:38:04Z","timestamp":1685518684000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002916522036231"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002916522036231"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9165","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Iron and zinc supplementation promote motor development and exploratory behavior among Bangladeshi infants","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/80.4.903","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2004 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}