{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T09:47:10Z","timestamp":1790848030540,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]],"date-time":"2023-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1126,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]],"date-time":"2019-10-10T09:53:51Z","timestamp":1570701231000},"page":"187-196","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Dietary sugars and cardiometabolic risk factors: a network meta-analysis on isocaloric substitution interventions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3407-7594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukas","family":"Schwingshackl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Neuenschwander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anette E","family":"Buyken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Schlesinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.116.137786","article-title":"Effect of fructose consumption on insulin sensitivity in nondiabetic subjects: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diet-intervention trials","volume":"104","author":"Ter Horst","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.081521","article-title":"Dietary sugars and cardiometabolic risk: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials of the effects on blood pressure and lipids","volume":"100","author":"Te Morenga","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7492","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e7492","article-title":"Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials and cohort studies","volume":"346","author":"Te Morenga","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/76.5.911","article-title":"Fructose, weight gain, and the insulin resistance syndrome","volume":"76","author":"Elliott","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-016-1257-2","article-title":"Sugars, obesity, and cardiovascular disease: results from recent randomized control trials","volume":"55","author":"Rippe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-0073","article-title":"Effect of fructose on glycemic control in diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials","volume":"35","author":"Cozma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib7","series-title":"Guideline: Sugars intake for adults and children.","year":"2015"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.14.031114","article-title":"The science behind the sweetness in our diets","volume":"92","author":"Mann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"k4644","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k4644","article-title":"Food sources of fructose-containing sugars and glycaemic control: systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled intervention studies","volume":"363","author":"Choo","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.116.145169","article-title":"Chronic fructose substitution for glucose or sucrose in food or beverages has little effect on fasting blood glucose, insulin, or triglycerides: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"106","author":"Evans","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.111.151951","article-title":"The effects of fructose intake on serum uric acid vary among controlled dietary trials","volume":"142","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2014.8","article-title":"Effect of fructose on markers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials","volume":"68","author":"Chiu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10050606","article-title":"Effect of dietary sugar intake on biomarkers of subclinical inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies","volume":"10","author":"Della Corte","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmz036","article-title":"Perspective: network meta-analysis reaches nutrition research: current status, scientific concepts, and future directions","volume":"10","author":"Schwingshackl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-018-1849-0","article-title":"Network meta-analysis reaches nutrition research","volume":"58","author":"Schwingshackl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-2385","article-title":"The PRISMA extension statement for reporting of systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses of health care interventions: checklist and explanations","volume":"162","author":"Hutton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2016.11.015","article-title":"Additional considerations are required when preparing a protocol for a systematic review with multiple interventions","volume":"83","author":"Chaimani","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e001700","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.114.001700","article-title":"Effect of fructose on established lipid targets: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials","volume":"4","author":"Chiavaroli","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"d5928","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928","article-title":"The Cochrane Collaboration\u2019s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"343","author":"Higgins","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e76654","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076654","article-title":"Graphical tools for network meta-analysis in STATA","volume":"8","author":"Chaimani","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1037","article-title":"Indirect and mixed-treatment comparison, network, or multiple-treatments meta-analysis: many names, many benefits, many concerns for the next generation evidence synthesis tool","volume":"3","author":"Salanti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Res Synth Methods."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-016-0715-4","article-title":"Network meta-analyses should be the highest level of evidence in treatment guidelines","volume":"266","author":"Leucht","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1136\/eb-2015-102088","article-title":"A primer on network meta-analysis with emphasis on mental health","volume":"18","author":"Mavridis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Evid Based Ment Health."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.03.016","article-title":"Graphical methods and numerical summaries for presenting results from multiple-treatment meta-analysis: an overview and tutorial","volume":"64","author":"Salanti","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X1501500403","article-title":"Network meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"White","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stata J."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X1501500402","article-title":"Visualizing assumptions and results in network meta-analysis: the network graphs package","volume":"15","author":"Chaimani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stata J."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e99682","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0099682","article-title":"Evaluating the quality of evidence from a network meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Salanti","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(97)00049-8","article-title":"The results of direct and indirect treatment comparisons in meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"50","author":"Bucher","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol."},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3767","article-title":"Checking consistency in mixed treatment comparison meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Dias","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stat Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1044","article-title":"Consistency and inconsistency in network meta-analysis: concepts and models for multi-arm studies","volume":"3","author":"Higgins","year":"2012","journal-title":"Res Synth Methods."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3639","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.6188","article-title":"A design-by-treatment interaction model for network meta-analysis with random inconsistency effects","volume":"33","author":"Jackson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stat Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(88)90413-5","article-title":"Large variations of sucrose in constant carbohydrate diets in type II diabetes","volume":"84","author":"Abraira","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.013540","article-title":"Low to moderate sugar-sweetened beverage consumption impairs glucose and lipid metabolism and promotes inflammation in healthy young men: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"94","author":"Aeberli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-0540","article-title":"Moderate amounts of fructose consumption impair insulin sensitivity in healthy young men: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"Aeberli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.12457","article-title":"Fructose containing sugars do not raise blood pressure or uric acid at normal levels of human consumption","volume":"17","author":"Angelopoulos","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8040179","article-title":"Fructose containing sugars at normal levels of consumption do not effect adversely components of the metabolic syndrome and risk factors for cardiovascular disease","volume":"8","author":"Angelopoulos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3241","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1986.03380230065027","article-title":"Metabolic effects of dietary fructose and sucrose in types I and II diabetic subjects","volume":"256","author":"Bantle","year":"1986","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/72.5.1128","article-title":"Effects of dietary fructose on plasma lipids in healthy subjects","volume":"72","author":"Bantle","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.15.11.1468","article-title":"Metabolic effects of dietary fructose in diabetic subjects","volume":"15","author":"Bantle","year":"1992","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.16.9.1301","article-title":"Metabolic effects of dietary sucrose in type II diabetic subjects","volume":"16","author":"Bantle","year":"1993","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/33.2.273","article-title":"Impaired cellular insulin binding and insulin sensitivity induced by high-fructose feeding in normal subjects","volume":"33","author":"Beck-Nielsen","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3566","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-0220","article-title":"Effect of eucaloric high- and low-sucrose diets with identical macronutrient profile on insulin resistance and vascular risk: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"55","author":"Black","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.7.4.309","article-title":"The effects of physiologic amounts of simple sugars on lipoprotein, glucose, and insulin levels in normal subjects","volume":"7","author":"Bossetti","year":"1984","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/27.10.1043","article-title":"Sucrose and various carbohydrate-containing foods and serum lipids in man","volume":"27","author":"Grande","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.11.7.546","article-title":"Lack of detectable deleterious effects on metabolic control of daily fructose ingestion for 2 mo in NIDDM patients","volume":"11","author":"Grigoresco","year":"1988","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2164","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-3856","article-title":"Sugar-sweetened beverages with moderate amounts of fructose, but not sucrose, induce fatty acid synthesis in healthy young men: a randomized crossover study","volume":"99","author":"Hochuli","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.07.012","article-title":"No difference between high-fructose and high-glucose diets on liver triacylglycerol or biochemistry in healthy overweight men","volume":"145","author":"Johnston","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/27.9.926","article-title":"Diets high in glucose or sucrose and young women","volume":"27","author":"Kelsay","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.1993.tb00667.x","article-title":"Fructose and insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"233","author":"Koivisto","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Intern Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2012.11.008","article-title":"Comparison of 5% versus 15% sucrose intakes as part of a eucaloric diet in overweight and obese subjects: effects on insulin sensitivity, glucose metabolism, vascular compliance, body composition and lipid profile. A randomised controlled trial","volume":"62","author":"Lewis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Metabolism."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6031128","article-title":"The effect of normally consumed amounts of sucrose or high fructose corn syrup on lipid profiles, body composition and related parameters in overweight\/obese subjects","volume":"6","author":"Lowndes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3153","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6083153","article-title":"The effects of fructose-containing sugars on weight, body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors when consumed at up to the 90th percentile population consumption level for fructose","volume":"6","author":"Lowndes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8830","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7105430","article-title":"No effect of added sugar consumed at median American intake level on glucose tolerance or insulin resistance","volume":"7","author":"Lowndes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114509992819","article-title":"Effects of a short-term overfeeding with fructose or glucose in healthy young males","volume":"103","author":"Ngo Sock","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Nutr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.1989.tb01218.x","article-title":"Dietary fructose as a natural sweetener in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: a 12-month crossover study of effects on glucose, lipoprotein and apolipoprotein metabolism","volume":"6","author":"Osei","year":"1989","journal-title":"Diabet Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(87)90693-0","article-title":"Metabolic effects of fructose as a natural sweetener in the physiologic meals of ambulatory obese patients with type II diabetes","volume":"83","author":"Osei","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00454878","article-title":"Sucrose in the diet of diabetic patients \u2013 just another carbohydrate?","volume":"29","author":"Peterson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.115.218016","article-title":"Consumption of honey, sucrose, and high-fructose corn syrup produces similar metabolic effects in glucose-tolerant and -intolerant individuals","volume":"145","author":"Raatz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2013.228","article-title":"Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, e-selectin and C-reactive protein levels in response to 4-week very-high-fructose or -glucose diets","volume":"68","author":"Silbernagel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1017\/S000711451000574X","article-title":"Effects of 4-week very-high-fructose\/glucose diets on insulin sensitivity, visceral fat and intrahepatic lipids: an exploratory trial","volume":"106","author":"Silbernagel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Nutr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/65.4.908","article-title":"Metabolic and behavioral effects of a high-sucrose diet during weight loss","volume":"65","author":"Surwit","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib62","first-page":"909","article-title":"Effets metaboliques de la consommation quotidienne pendant un an de saccharose ou de fructose par des diabetiques","author":"Blayo","year":"1990","journal-title":"Medicine et Nutrition."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2012-0322","article-title":"Consumption of sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup does not increase liver fat or ectopic fat deposition in muscles","volume":"38","author":"Bravo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl Physiol Nutr Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1159\/000176714","article-title":"Serum uric acid, inorganic phosphorus, and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase and blood pressure in carbohydrate-sensitive adults consuming three different levels of sucrose","volume":"27","author":"Israel","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ann Nutr Metab."},{"key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-11-55","article-title":"The effects of four hypocaloric diets containing different levels of sucrose or high fructose corn syrup on weight loss and related parameters","volume":"11","author":"Lowndes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nutr J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19720105","article-title":"Effects of isocaloric exchange of dietary sucrose and starch on fasting serum lipids, postprandial insulin secretion and alimentary lipaemia in human subjects","volume":"27","author":"Mann","year":"1972","journal-title":"Br J Nutr."},{"issue":"S542","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1972.tb05338.x","article-title":"Effects of dietary fructose and sucrose on plasma triglyceride metabolism in patients with endogenous hypertriglyceridemia","volume":"192","author":"Nikkil\u00e4","year":"1972","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib68","first-page":"133","article-title":"Moderate amounts of sucrose with mixed meals do not impair metabolic control in patients with type II (non-insulin dependent) diabetes","author":"Porta","year":"1989","journal-title":"Diabetes Nutr Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/111.6.1045","article-title":"Blood lipids and their distribution in lipoproteins in hyperinsulinemic subjects fed three different levels of sucrose","volume":"111","author":"Reiser","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(86)90159-0","article-title":"Comparative effects of several simple carbohydrates on erythrocyte insulin receptors in obese subjects","volume":"25","author":"Rizkalla","year":"1986","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/55.4.851","article-title":"Metabolic effects of dietary fructose in healthy subjects","volume":"55","author":"Swanson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.129650","article-title":"No differential effect of beverages sweetened with fructose, high-fructose corn syrup, or glucose on systemic or adipose tissue inflammation in normal-weight to obese adults: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"104","author":"Kuzma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.116.139253","article-title":"Effects of free sugars on blood pressure and lipids: a systematic review and meta-analysis of nutritional isoenergetic intervention trials","volume":"105","author":"Fattore","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.116.145151","article-title":"Fructose replacement of glucose or sucrose in food or beverages lowers postprandial glucose and insulin without raising triglycerides: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"106","author":"Evans","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-016-1345-3","article-title":"Controversies about sugars: results from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on obesity, cardiometabolic disease and diabetes","volume":"55","author":"Khan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15046","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015046","article-title":"Resistant starches types 2 and 4 have differential effects on the composition of the fecal microbiota in human subjects","volume":"5","author":"Martinez","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-175-41791","article-title":"Propionate may mediate the hypocholesterolemic effects of certain soluble plant fibers in cholesterol-fed rats","volume":"175","author":"Chen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Proc Soc Exp Biol Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-001-0031-9","article-title":"Carbohydrate and diabetes: is the source or the amount of more importance?","volume":"1","author":"Franz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr Diab Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/S0308-8146(03)00101-8","article-title":"Studies on the in vitro starch digestibility and the glycemic index of six different indigenous rice cultivars from the Philippines","volume":"83","author":"Frei","year":"2003","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2497","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx518","article-title":"Fructose metabolism, cardiometabolic risk, and the epidemic of coronary artery disease","volume":"39","author":"Mirtschink","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2011.08.006","article-title":"Uric acid and fructose: potential biological mechanisms","volume":"31","author":"Lanaspa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F625","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00140.2005","article-title":"A causal role for uric acid in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome","volume":"290","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol."},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/58.5.754S","article-title":"Intermediary metabolism of fructose","volume":"58","author":"Mayes","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-0619","article-title":"Heterogeneous effects of fructose on blood lipids in individuals with type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental trials in humans","volume":"32","author":"Sievenpiper","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916522009868?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916522009868?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcn\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273\/30552446\/nqz273.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcn\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273\/30552446\/nqz273.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T22:07:56Z","timestamp":1685743676000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002916522009868"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"references-count":84,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002916522009868"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9165","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Dietary sugars and cardiometabolic risk factors: a network meta-analysis on isocaloric substitution interventions","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz273","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2020 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}