{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T14:16:56Z","timestamp":1788963416798,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Autologous stem cell transplant with lenalidomide maintenance therapy has greatly improved the relapse-free and overall survival rates of patients with multiple myeloma but also has been associated with an increased risk of secondary B-lymphoblastic leukemia\/lymphoma (B-ALL).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We report a comprehensive review of the clinicopathologic features of 2 patients with multiple myeloma who developed secondary B-ALL during lenalidomide maintenance.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our observations showed that the disease may initially present with subtle clinical, morphologic, and flow-cytometric findings. The flow cytometry findings in such cases may initially mimic an expansion of hematogones with minimal immunophenotypic variation. Both patients achieved complete remission of secondary B-ALL after standard chemotherapy; however, one patient continues to have minimal residual disease, and the other experienced relapse. Next-generation sequencing of the relapse specimen showed numerous, complex abnormalities, suggesting clonal evolution.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our findings suggest the need for increased awareness and further study of this unique form of secondary B-ALL.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqaa109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T11:08:47Z","timestamp":1591873727000},"page":"816-827","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Lenalidomide-Associated Secondary B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia\/Lymphoma\u2014A Unique Entity"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"154","author":[{"given":"Sharon Koorse","family":"Germans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ozlem","family":"Kulak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prasad","family":"Koduru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genomics and Molecular Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dwight","family":"Oliver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genomics and Molecular Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffery","family":"Gagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genomics and Molecular Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prapti","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology Division, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Larry D","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology Division, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franklin S","family":"Fuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weina","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 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