{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T20:54:48Z","timestamp":1769201688777,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,11]],"date-time":"2021-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Immunoglobulin M plasma cell myeloma (IgMPCM) is a rare entity that is difficult to distinguish from other IgM-related neoplasms. The study aims to characterize the clinicopathologic features of IgMPCM, including MYD88 L265P and CXCR4 mutations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>From our institutional archives, bone marrow biopsy specimens from January 1, 2008, to December 1, 2018, with monotypic plasma cells (PCs) expressing IgM that met current International Myeloma Working Group\/World Health Organization criteria for PCM were included. Sanger sequencing was used to test for MYD88 L265P and WHIM-like CXCR4 mutations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Nine cases of IgMPCM were identified. Serum IgM paraproteins were detected in eight cases. CD138-positive PC burden averaged 41.9% (5%-80%). In four cases, PCs had lymphoplasmacytic morphology with cyclin D1 expression by immunohistochemistry. Three of four tested cases were positive for t(11;14) by fluorescence in situ hybridization, one with monosomy 13. The remaining case was positive for del13q14. All were negative for MYD88 L265P and WHIM-like CXCR4 mutations. Eight patients received immunochemotherapy, with four receiving autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Median follow-up was 61 months (range, 11-120). All patients were alive except one.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Distinguishing IgMPCM from other IgM-related disorders requires correlation with clinical, laboratory, and radiologic findings. Exclusion of MYD88 L265P and WHIM-like CXCR4 mutations may be useful to diagnose IgMPCM.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqab095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,5]],"date-time":"2021-05-05T13:39:04Z","timestamp":1620221944000},"page":"47-53","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["IgM Plasma Cell Myeloma"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"157","author":[{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation , Cleveland, OH , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Durkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation , Cleveland, OH , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxian","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation , Cleveland, OH , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8127-7663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan O","family":"Nakashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation , Cleveland, OH , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023020717413219600_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e538","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70442-5","article-title":"International Myeloma Working Group updated criteria for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma","volume":"15","author":"Rajkumar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"2023020717413219600_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21332","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 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