{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:53:16Z","timestamp":1787237596105,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]],"date-time":"2023-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Massive fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) is rare and reported to be the cause in approximately 3% of all fetal deaths. Maternal management of massive FMH includes prevention of Rh(D) alloimmunization in Rh(D)-negative mothers by administration of Rh(D) immune globulin (RhIG).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We describe a case of a 30-year-old O-negative, primigravida woman who presented at 38 weeks of gestation with decreased fetal movements. She underwent an emergency cesarean section and delivered an O-positive baby girl who died shortly after birth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The patient\u2019s FMH screen was positive, with a Kleihauer-Betke test demonstrating 10.7% fetal blood in maternal circulation. The calculated dose of 6,300 \u00b5g RhIG was given prior to discharge over 2 days using an intravenous (IV) preparation. Antibody screening a week after discharge showed anti-D and anti-C. The anti-C was attributed to acquired passive immunity from the large dose of RhIG. Anti-C reactivity waned and was negative at 6 months, but the anti-D pattern persisted at 9 months postdelivery. Negative antibody screens were noted at 12 and 14 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case highlights the immunohematology challenges of IV RhIG as well as the success in preventing alloimmunization with IV RhIG given the patient\u2019s complete resolution of anti-C and no anti-D formation, with a subsequent healthy pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqad011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,26]],"date-time":"2023-01-26T07:49:54Z","timestamp":1674719394000},"page":"78-80","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Management and Follow-up of Massive Fetomaternal Hemorrhage Requiring High-Dose Rh Immune Globulin: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"Precious Ann","family":"Fortes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wing-Kwai and Alice Lee-Tsing Chung Transfusion Service, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA , Los Angeles, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esteban D","family":"Gnass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wing-Kwai and Alice Lee-Tsing Chung Transfusion Service, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA , Los Angeles, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Baez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wing-Kwai and Alice Lee-Tsing Chung Transfusion Service, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA , Los Angeles, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Banafsheh","family":"Bayati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Monica OBGYN , Santa Monica, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wing-Kwai and Alice Lee-Tsing Chung Transfusion Service, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA , Los Angeles, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea M","family":"McGonigle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wing-Kwai and Alice Lee-Tsing Chung Transfusion Service, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA , Los Angeles, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alyssa","family":"Ziman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wing-Kwai and Alice Lee-Tsing Chung Transfusion Service, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA , Los Angeles, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dawn C","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wing-Kwai and Alice Lee-Tsing Chung Transfusion Service, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA , Los Angeles, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023070513453672700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.1990.30490273444.x","article-title":"Fetomaternal hemorrhage: incidence, risk factors, time of occurrence, and clinical effects","volume":"30","author":"Sebring","year":"1990","journal-title":"Transfusion."},{"key":"2023070513453672700_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7200144","article-title":"Massive fetomaternal hemorrhage and fetal death: are they predictable?","volume":"19","author":"Samadi","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Perinatol."},{"key":"2023070513453672700_CIT0003","first-page":"7","article-title":"Fetal-maternal hemorrhage: a case and literature review","volume":"2","author":"Solomonia","year":"2012","journal-title":"AJP Rep."},{"key":"2023070513453672700_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2008.07.002","article-title":"Effect of placental transfusion on the blood volume and clinical outcome of infants born by cesarean section","volume":"35","author":"Kakkilaya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol."},{"key":"2023070513453672700_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.2000.40050551.x","article-title":"Detection of multiple passively acquired alloantibodies following infusions of IV Rh immune globulin","volume":"40","author":"Rushin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Transfusion."},{"key":"2023070513453672700_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1002\/jca.21773","article-title":"Passive anti-C acquired in the setting of Rh immune globulin administration following Rh mismatched apheresis platelet transfusion: a case series","volume":"35","author":"Sostin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Apher."},{"key":"2023070513453672700_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2008.02.003","article-title":"Comparative pharmacokinetics of liquid and lyophilized formulations of IV RhIG immune globulin","volume":"36","author":"Sinclair","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biologicals."},{"key":"2023070513453672700_CIT0008","article-title":"Perinatal issues in transfusion practice.","volume-title":"Technical Manual","author":"Delaney","year":"2017","edition":"19"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Clinical 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