{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:21:12Z","timestamp":1787170872787,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]],"date-time":"2023-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary cold agglutinin disease is a type of autoimmune hemolytic anemia caused by circulating antibodies against I antigen, a carbohydrate expressed on most cells, including red blood cells. The underlying disease has been characterized in recent years as a distinct B-cell lymphoproliferative disease of the bone marrow, occurring mostly in the elderly. The disease has been now been included as a separate entity in the most recent classifications of mature B-cell neoplasms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A review of the characteristics of cold agglutinin disease is provided, with an emphasis on the pathology features.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A detailed description of the histopathology, immunophenotype, and genetics of cold agglutinin disease is provided and compared to other B-cell lymphoproliferative diseases in the bone marrow with similar features.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recognition of the pathology features of cold agglutinin disease allows to distinguish it from other diseases, especially lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqad048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T20:01:07Z","timestamp":1684958467000},"page":"229-237","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The Histopathology of Cold Agglutinin Disease\u2013Associated B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"Angela","family":"Guenther","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network and University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Tierens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network and University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Malecka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5023-0689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Delabie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network and University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-02-474437","article-title":"Cold agglutinin disease","volume":"122","author":"Swiecicki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2016.1.226","article-title":"Cold agglutinin disease","volume":"2016","author":"Berentsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020005674","article-title":"Cold agglutinin disease revisited: a multinational, observational study of 232 patients","volume":"136","author":"Berentsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1957.tb05782.x","article-title":"Serum proteins in acquired haemolytic anaemia (auto-antibody type)","volume":"3","author":"Christenson","year":"1957","journal-title":"Br J Haematol."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0005","first-page":"460","article-title":"Primary chronic cold agglutinin disease: a population based clinical study of 86 patients","volume":"91","author":"Berentsen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Haematologica."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1720","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-022-01620-2","article-title":"The 5th edition of the World Health Organization classification of haematolymphoid tumours: lymphoid neoplasms","volume":"36","author":"Alaggio","year":"2022","journal-title":"Leukemia."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2022015851","article-title":"The International Consensus Classification of mature lymphoid neoplasms: a report from the clinical advisory committee","volume":"140","author":"Campo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2017004390","article-title":"Cold agglutinin disease burden: a longitudinal analysis of anemia, medications, transfusions, and health care utilization","volume":"1","author":"Mullins","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2980","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2019000476","article-title":"Occurrence, thromboembolic risk, and mortality in Danish patients with cold agglutinin disease","volume":"3","author":"Bylsma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1200710","article-title":"MYD88 L265P somatic mutation in Waldenstr\u00f6m\u2019s macroglobulinemia","volume":"367","author":"Treon","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2013.091702","article-title":"Primary cold agglutinin-associated lymphoproliferative disease: a B-cell lymphoma of the bone marrow distinct from lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma","volume":"99","author":"Randen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Haematologica."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2372","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V78.9.2372.2372","article-title":"Variable region gene analysis of pathologic human autoantibodies to the related I and I red blood cell antigens","volume":"78","author":"Silberstein","year":"1991","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.149.7.2337","article-title":"VH restriction among human cold agglutinins: the VH4-21 gene segment is required to encode anti-I and anti-I specificities","volume":"149","author":"Pascual","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1996.0110","article-title":"The I binding specificity of human VH 4-34 (VH 4-21) encoded antibodies is determined by both VH framework region 1 and complementarity determining region 3","volume":"256","author":"Li","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Mol Biol."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e361","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2016.146126","article-title":"Immunoglobulin heavy and light chain gene features are correlated with primary cold agglutinin disease onset and activity","volume":"101","author":"Ma\u0142ecka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Haematologica."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2102568","article-title":"Marginal-zone lymphomas","volume":"386","author":"Rossi","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.15063","article-title":"Frequent somatic mutations of KMT2D (MLL2) and CARD11 genes in primary cold agglutinin disease","volume":"183","author":"Ma\u0142ecka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Haematol."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E279","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.26205","article-title":"The mutational landscape of cold agglutinin disease: CARD11 and CXCR4 mutations are correlated with lower hemoglobin levels","volume":"96","author":"Ma\u0142ecka","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Hematol."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1153629","article-title":"Oncogenic CARD11 mutations in human diffuse large B cell lymphoma","volume":"319","author":"Lenz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-09-525808","article-title":"The genomic landscape of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia is characterized by highly recurring MYD88 and WHIM-like CXCR4 mutations, and small somatic deletions associated with B-cell lymphomagenesis","volume":"123","author":"Hunter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1995.tb05315.x","article-title":"Trisomy 3 is a consistent chromosome change in malignant lymphoproliferative disorders preceded by cold agglutinin disease","volume":"91","author":"Michaux","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br J Haematol."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020001608","article-title":"Cold agglutinin-associated B-cell lymphoproliferative disease shows highly recurrent gains of chromosome 3 and 12 or 18","volume":"4","author":"Ma\u0142ecka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCP6ZODWV1CIDME","article-title":"Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma in the bone marrow: paratrabecular involvement as an important distinguishing feature","volume":"143","author":"Bassarova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPPHSUQM8XBJH7","article-title":"Bone marrow histology in monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis shows various B-cell infiltration patterns","volume":"139","author":"Randen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPD5TOBDJU4GKO","article-title":"Characterization of tissue findings in bone marrow biopsy specimens with small monoclonal B-cell populations","volume":"141","author":"Nelson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0009-4","article-title":"Cryoglobulinaemia","volume":"4","author":"Roccatello","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker407","article-title":"Cryoglobulinaemia related to Sjogren\u2019s syndrome or HCV infection: differences based on the pattern of bone marrow involvement, lymphoma evolution and laboratory tests after parotidectomy","volume":"51","author":"De Vita","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rheumatology."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.01.029","article-title":"Lymphoma driver mutations in the pathogenic evolution of an iconic human autoantibody","volume":"180","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"2023090111555495800_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2033982","article-title":"Autoimmune hemolytic anemias","volume":"385","author":"Berentsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."}],"container-title":["American Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcp\/article-pdf\/160\/3\/229\/51293663\/aqad048.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcp\/article-pdf\/160\/3\/229\/51293663\/aqad048.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T07:58:23Z","timestamp":1693555103000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcp\/article\/160\/3\/229\/7186676"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcp\/aqad048","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9173","1943-7722"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9173","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-7722","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]]}}}