{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T18:55:27Z","timestamp":1784919327058,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]],"date-time":"2023-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692489600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We describe 3 cases of red blood cell (RBC) autoantibodies with unusual apparent antigenic specificity and discuss the testing methodology and implications of these findings.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>All immunohematologic testing, including ABO and RhD typing, antibody detection and identification, RBC antigen phenotyping and genotyping, direct antiglobulin tests, and elution studies were performed using standardized and validated methods and reagents.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Three patients were found to have autoantibodies, which were originally presumed to be alloantibodies. Case 1 was a 60-year-old man with autoanti-Jka following babesiosis; case 2 was a 79-year-old woman with an autoanti-f; and case 3 was a 28-year-old pregnant woman with an autoanti-S. Cases 1 and 2 required RBC transfusions, which were performed with Jka-negative and f-positive RBC units, respectively. No transfusion reactions were reported, and the hemoglobin responded appropriately in both cases.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These 3 cases complement the minimal literature regarding warm autoantibodies with unusual antigenic specificity and their potential to mediate clinically significant hemolysis. There are only rare reports of warm autoantibodies with specificity for non-Rh antigens, and prior authors have suggested that autoantibodies with mimicking specificity are usually detected only serologically; in contrast, 2 of the 3 patients herein experienced autoimmune hemolytic anemia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqad095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]],"date-time":"2023-08-20T10:54:35Z","timestamp":1692528875000},"page":"561-565","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Warm autoantibodies mimicking alloantibodies: Three cases of autoantibodies with unusual antigenic specificity"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"160","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5719-9685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy W","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine , New Haven, CT , US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas C","family":"Binns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine , New Haven, CT , US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Abels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine , New Haven, CT , US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan J","family":"Silva Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine , New Haven, CT , US"},{"name":"Department of Pathology , New Haven, CT , US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ragaa","family":"Elkabbani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Danbury Hospital , Danbury, CT , US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Kress","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Yale School of Medicine , New Haven, CT , US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nataliya","family":"Sostin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine , New Haven, CT , US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher A","family":"Tormey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine , New Haven, CT , US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023120112203747100_CIT0001","first-page":"1455","article-title":"Autoimmune hemolytic anemia and red blood cell autoantibodies","volume-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med.","author":"Quist","year":"2015"},{"key":"2023120112203747100_CIT0002","first-page":"844","article-title":"COVID-19 and immune-mediated RBC destruction","volume-title":"Am J Clin Pathol.","author":"Jacobs","year":"2022"},{"key":"2023120112203747100_CIT0003","first-page":"946","article-title":"The changing landscape of autoimmune hemolytic anemia","volume-title":"Front Immunol.","author":"Barcellini","year":"2020"},{"key":"2023120112203747100_CIT0004","first-page":"6","article-title":"Detecting alloantibodies in patients with autoantibodies","volume-title":"Transfusion.","author":"Branch","year":"1999"},{"key":"2023120112203747100_CIT0005","first-page":"343","article-title":"Autoantibodies with mimicking specificity detected by the dilution technique in patients with warm autoantibodies","volume-title":"Ann Lab Med","author":"Jang","year":"2013"},{"key":"2023120112203747100_CIT0006","first-page":"1287","article-title":"A red blood cell autoantibody with mimicking anti-E specificity","volume-title":"Transfusion.","author":"Dwyre","year":"2004"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023120112203747100_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.21307\/immunohematology-2019-500","article-title":"Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia with mimicking anti-c and -E specificities","volume":"18","author":"Hsieh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Immunohematology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023120112203747100_CIT0008","first-page":"245","article-title":"Evans syndrome: a case of autoimmune thrombocytopenia and autoimmune haemolytic anemia caused by anti-Jka","volume":"72","author":"Ciaffoni","year":"1987","journal-title":"Haematologica."},{"key":"2023120112203747100_CIT0009","first-page":"307","article-title":"Delayed type transfusion reaction due to anti-S antibody in patient with anti-Jka autoantibody and multiple alloantibodies","volume-title":"Ann Hematol.","author":"Guastafierro","year":"2004"},{"key":"2023120112203747100_CIT0010","first-page":"517","article-title":"Autoimmune hemolytic anemia with anti Jka specificity in a patient taking aldomet","volume-title":"Transfusion.","author":"Patten","year":"1977"},{"key":"2023120112203747100_CIT0011","first-page":"31","article-title":"Paraben-associated autoanti-Jka antibodies. 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