{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T18:20:29Z","timestamp":1788373229585,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is recommended for muscle-invasive bladder cancer, and robust treatment response may result in lack of grossly identifiable tumor in the cystectomy specimen. Current gross examination and reporting protocols, however, do not include specific guidance on the approach to these specimens.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A Qualtrics survey was disseminated by email and X (formerly Twitter). Responses from pathologists and pathologists\u2019 assistants (PAs) were included. The survey interrogated demographics, practice settings, prevalence of NACT use, approach to gross examination, and reporting practices in the setting of both grossly visible tumor or ulcer bed and the complete absence of a gross lesion.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Based on 55 respondents\u2019 experience, identifying gross tumor occurred less frequently than tumor or ulcer bed (40% vs 71%). Lack of identification of any gross lesions was estimated to occur in 29% of cases. Gross examination practices were relatively consistent in cases with residual gross tumor or gross tumor bed, with agreement that gross tumor should be submitted as 1 block per centimeter (66%), and tumor or ulcer bed should be submitted in its entirety (97%). Gross examination practices appeared more varied when no gross lesions were identified. Overall, most responders stated they \u201cdefinitely\u201d or \u201cmaybe\u201d support a standardized gross examination (89%) and reporting (96%) protocol.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>With the increased use of NACT, lack of any gross lesion leads to inconsistent gross examination techniques. This study provides insight into the current approach to examination of post-NACT cystectomies and suggests that a desire exists among pathologists and pathologists\u2019 assistants for more standardized practice.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqad176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T09:13:21Z","timestamp":1705655601000},"page":"483-489","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Current gross examination and reporting patterns of post\u2013neoadjuvant chemotherapy cystectomy specimens: Is it time for a standardized approach?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"161","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9447-0497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine E","family":"Saunders","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC , US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Gerken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC , US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Khani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine , New York, NY , US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3898-1460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean R","family":"Williamson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland, OH , US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5324-4197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara E","family":"Wobker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC , US"},{"name":"UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center , Chapel Hill, NC , US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024050205532957600_CIT0001","first-page":"329","article-title":"Bladder cancer, version 3.2020, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology","volume-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw.","author":"Flaig","year":"2020"},{"key":"2024050205532957600_CIT0002","first-page":"e557","article-title":"Downstaging of muscle-invasive bladder cancer using neoadjuvant gemcitabine and cisplatin or dose-dense methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin as single regimens or as switch therapy modalities","volume-title":"Clin Genitourin Cancer.","author":"Ruplin","year":"2020"},{"key":"2024050205532957600_CIT0003","volume-title":"Protocol for Examination of Cystectomy Specimens From Patients With Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder. 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A joint proposal of the European Society of Uropathology and the Uropathology Working Group","volume-title":"Virchows Arch.","author":"Lopez-Beltran","year":"2004"},{"key":"2024050205532957600_CIT0016","first-page":"S70","article-title":"Staging and reporting of urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder","volume-title":"Mod Pathol.","author":"Cheng","year":"2009"},{"key":"2024050205532957600_CIT0017","volume-title":"Carcinoma of the Bladder, Structured Reporting Protocol.","author":"Grignon","year":"2018","edition":"2"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcp\/article-pdf\/161\/5\/483\/57348367\/aqad176.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcp\/article-pdf\/161\/5\/483\/57348367\/aqad176.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T05:55:55Z","timestamp":1714629355000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcp\/article\/161\/5\/483\/7577229"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcp\/aqad176","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9173","1943-7722"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9173","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-7722","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]]}}}