{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T03:17:16Z","timestamp":1788319036580,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Atrophic gastritis (AG) is characterized by atrophy of gastric glands\u2014in particular, oxyntic glands\u2014in the setting of chronic inflammation; it is often autoimmune. The diagnosis is confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for gastrin (to confirm biopsy site), and pathologists often use IHC for neuroendocrine markers to evaluate for enterochromaffin-like cell hyperplasia (ECL-H). The utility of neuroendocrine staining is unclear, and we undertook this study to determine whether ECL pattern provided any additional information in cases of Helicobacter-negative AG.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We reviewed clinicopathologic findings in 184 cases from 184 patients with histologic AG and no evidence of Helicobacter infection. Using neuroendocrine IHC markers, cases were divided into 3 groups: Group 1 showed complete ECL-H (both qualitative and quantitative criteria met), group 2 showed focal ECL-H (qualitative but not quantitative criteria met), and group 3 showed no ECL-H (neither criteria met).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Group 1 patients were more likely to have positive autoantibody serologies (73%, P = .0007 vs group 2) and higher mean gastrin levels (700 pg\/mL, P = .017 vs group 3), and only these patients developed gastric neuroendocrine tumors. Group 2 patients were more likely to take proton pump inhibitors (64%, P = .0002 vs group 1). Group 3 patients were more likely to be male (70%, P = .008 vs group 1) and to have microcytic anemia (44%, P = .022 vs group 2) and less likely to have intestinal metaplasia (50%, P = .044 vs group 1).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Stratification based on degree of ECL-H is not necessary for diagnosis of AG but does lead to statistically significant clinical and pathologic differences among groups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqae159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T17:40:26Z","timestamp":1735234826000},"page":"601-609","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluation of enterochromaffin-like cell hyperplasia can help categorize patients with <i>Helicobacter<\/i>-negative atrophic gastritis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"163","author":[{"given":"Feidi","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Boston, MA ,","place":["US"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5526-4220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raul S","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University Hospital , Atlanta, GA ,","place":["US"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2025042102214700100_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.06.078","article-title":"AGA clinical practice update on the diagnosis and management of atrophic gastritis: expert 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