{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T17:11:51Z","timestamp":1779210711584,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiac troponin (cTn) is a critical biomarker for diagnosing myocardial injury; however, intense physical activity can transiently elevate cTn concentrations, creating diagnostic challenges in athletic populations. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays (hs-cTn) further complicate discrimination between physiologic and pathologic elevations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study characterized baseline high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) distributions in collegiate athletes and evaluated associations with sex, time since exercise, sport type, and creatine kinase\u2013MB (CK-MB). We analyzed baseline hs-cTnI values from 173 elite collegiate athletes (98 women, 75 men) representing 21 sports.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The median hs-cTnI concentration (&amp;lt;4\u2009ng\/L) was identical between sexes, but divergence emerged in the upper distribution tail, with hs-cTnI values exceeding population-derived 99th percentile upper reference limits occurring at lower percentiles in men than women (73rd vs 85th percentile), resulting in a higher prevalence of abnormal classifications in men (28% vs 17%, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.01). Ninety-fifth percentile values were similar between sexes, whereas divergence was confined to the extreme upper tail (99th percentile). Abnormal hs-cTnI values were more frequent when samples were collected\u2009&amp;lt;48\u2009hours after exercise compared with\u2009\u226548\u2009hours (29% vs 16%, P\u2009=\u2009.04). No association was observed between hs-cTnI and CK-MB (P\u2009=\u2009.37). Significant differences emerged between sports (P\u2009=\u2009.02), with the highest proportions of abnormal hs-cTnI observed among cross-country (80%), sailing (44%), and rowing (35%) athletes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings support athlete-focused interpretation of hs-cTnI incorporating sex-specific thresholds, standardized postexercise sampling, and sport context. Such tailored approaches may reduce false-positive results and unnecessary evaluations while preserving diagnostic accuracy for true myocardial pathology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqag042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T11:45:07Z","timestamp":1775821507000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Defining baseline high-sensitivity cardiac troponin levels in healthy collegiate athletes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"165","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0565-1682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaseen A","family":"Jamal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Avery","family":"Montiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford 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