{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T14:01:07Z","timestamp":1753884067736},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]],"date-time":"2019-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There is recently reported increased prevalence of Isospora organisms in cholecystectomy specimens from immunocompetent patients, especially in acalculous cholecystectomies. We performed an ultrastructural and molecular evaluation of these specimens.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>From 28 gallbladders with intraepithelial inclusions, two specimens with diffuse involvement of the gallbladder epithelium were analyzed by electron microscopy. Polymerase chain reaction was performed on five samples for the ITS2 region of C belli and eukaryotic 18S region. The 18S products were sequenced by next-generation sequencing.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Electron microscopic analysis showed cytoplasmic condensations leading to vacuole formation. In contrast with true C belli, there were no identifiable organelles or organization. None of these cases showed amplified products other than human on molecular analysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Electron microscopic analysis demonstrates that the inclusions are condensed cytoplasmic material and not true organisms.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqz137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,24]],"date-time":"2019-07-24T11:19:15Z","timestamp":1563967155000},"page":"88-93","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Ultrastructural Characteristics of Gallbladder Epithelial Inclusions Mimicking Cystoisospora"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"153","author":[{"given":"Arun","family":"Gopinath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Florida Health, College of Medicine, Jacksonville"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aysha","family":"Mubeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Florida Health, College of Medicine, Jacksonville"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brett","family":"Baskovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Florida Health, College of Medicine, Jacksonville"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amber","family":"Ginn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Florida Health, College of Medicine, Jacksonville"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amal","family":"Shukri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Florida Health, College of Medicine, Jacksonville"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manual","family":"Menes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Baptist Hospital Miami, Miami, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keyler","family":"Kenneth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Florida Health, College of Medicine, Jacksonville"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raafat","family":"Makary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Florida Health, College of Medicine, Jacksonville"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guillermo A","family":"Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shahla","family":"Masood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Florida Health, College of Medicine, Jacksonville"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Alkhasawneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Florida Health, College of Medicine, Jacksonville"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bcr2015209966","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2015-209966","article-title":"Chronic cholecystitis with Cystoisospora belli in an immunocompetent patient","author":"Takahashi","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep."},{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.5114\/pjp.2016.63779","article-title":"Cystoisosporiasis-related human acalculous cholecystitis: the need for increased awareness","volume":"67","author":"Agholi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pol J Pathol."},{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0003","first-page":"174","article-title":"Parasitic infection of the gallbladder: Cystoisospora belli infection as a cause of chronic abdominal pain and acalculous cholecystitis","volume":"57","author":"Martelli","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Miss State Med Assoc."},{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000660","article-title":"Cystoisospora belli\n             infection of the gallbladder in immunocompetent patients: a clinicopathologic review of 18 cases","volume":"40","author":"Lai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol."},{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0005","first-page":"391A","article-title":"Cystoisospora\n             infection of gallbladder in immunocompetent patients: a study of 1000 consecutive cholecystectomy specimens","volume":"97","author":"Mubeen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lab Invest."},{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0006","first-page":"687","article-title":"Cystoisospora\n             is a frequent finding in pediatric cholecystectomy specimens","volume":"31","author":"Rose","year":"2018","journal-title":"Modern Pathol."},{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0007","first-page":"100","article-title":"Unexpectedly high prevalence of Cystoisospora belli infection in acalculous gallbladders of immunocompetent patients","volume":"151","author":"Noor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol."},{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001094","article-title":"Epithelial inclusions in gallbladder specimens mimic parasite infection: histologic and molecular examination of reported Cystoisospora belli infection in gallbladders of immunocompetent patients","volume":"42","author":"Swanson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol."},{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W537","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky379","article-title":"The galaxy platform for accessible, reproducible and collaborative biomedical analyses: 2018 update","volume":"46","author":"Afgan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0010","first-page":"580","article-title":"PAX-8 antibody as a useful adjunct in the detection of Cystoisospora in formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue: a study on cholecystectomies with Cystoisospora infection","volume":"31","author":"Mubeen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Modern Pathol."},{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0011","first-page":"17","article-title":"Electron microscopic characteristics of gallbladder epithelial inclusions mimicking Cystoisospora: a closure to the Cystoisospora controversy","volume":"32","author":"Mubeen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Modern Pathol."},{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2018-0335-OA","article-title":"Cytoplasmic fibrillar aggregates in gallbladder epithelium are a frequent mimic of Cystoisospora in pediatric cholecystectomy specimens","author":"Rose","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med."},{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.10.1.19","article-title":"Biology of Isospora spp. from humans, nonhuman primates, and domestic animals","volume":"10","author":"Lindsay","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2009.01.020","article-title":"Isospora cholangiopathy: case study with histologic characterization and molecular confirmation","volume":"40","author":"Walther","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum Pathol."},{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118201900012X","article-title":"Endogenous development of Cystoisospora belli in intestinal and biliary epithelium of humans","volume":"146","author":"Dubey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasitology."},{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-121-9-199411010-00006","article-title":"Isospora belli\n             infection associated with acalculous cholecystitis in a patient with AIDS","volume":"121","author":"Benator","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/21.4.852","article-title":"Cholecystectomy in patients with AIDS: clinicopathologic correlations in 107 cases","volume":"21","author":"French","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"key":"2019121321380518500_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3071","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003071","article-title":"Molecular identification of biliary Isospora belli: a case report","volume":"95","author":"Chiu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine."}],"container-title":["American Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcp\/article-pdf\/153\/1\/88\/31516356\/aqz137.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcp\/article-pdf\/153\/1\/88\/31516356\/aqz137.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,14]],"date-time":"2019-12-14T02:38:21Z","timestamp":1576291101000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcp\/article\/153\/1\/88\/5585508"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcp\/aqz137","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9173","1943-7722"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9173","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-7722","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]]}}}