{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T11:43:08Z","timestamp":1753875788841,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,3]],"date-time":"2019-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We discuss two main categories of blood substitutes: perfluorocarbons and hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We provide a review of the notable products developed in both categories and include their attributes as well as their setbacks.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We contribute a case report tothe growing literature of the successful use of Sanguinate.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We find that artificial oxygen carriers are an attractive field of research because of the practical limitations and the multitude of potential complications that surround human blood transfusions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqz175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,14]],"date-time":"2019-09-14T19:28:41Z","timestamp":1568489321000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Alternatives to Transfusion"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Sara Emily","family":"Bachert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prerna","family":"Dogra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonard I","family":"Boral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0001","first-page":"71","article-title":"Blood administration, risks, and substitutes","volume":"28","author":"Fakhry","year":"1995","journal-title":"Adv Surg."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322009000800016","article-title":"A review of blood substitutes: examining the history, clinical trial results, and ethics of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers","volume":"64","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo)."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1594.2004.07345.x","article-title":"Artificial oxygen carriers as red blood cell substitutes: a selected review and current status","volume":"28","author":"Kim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Artif Organs."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R93","DOI":"10.1186\/cc364","article-title":"Blood substitutes. Artificial oxygen carriers: perfluorocarbon emulsions","volume":"3","author":"Spahn","year":"1999","journal-title":"Crit Care."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0005","first-page":"345","article-title":"Blood substitutes: fluorocarbon approach.","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology","author":"Riess","year":"2007","edition":"3rd ed"},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0006","first-page":"622","article-title":"Perfluorocarbon-based oxygen carriers: review of products and trials","volume":"34","author":"Castro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Artif Organs."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1027355913348","article-title":"Perfluorocarbon emulsions: stability in vitro and in vivo (a review)","volume":"37","author":"Kuznetsova","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pharma Chem."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb8010011","article-title":"Comparison of the pharmacokinetic properties of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers","volume":"8","author":"Taguchi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Funct Biomater."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7473","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.13.7473","article-title":"Bovine hemoglobin cross-linked through the beta chains: functional and structural aspects","volume":"271","author":"Marta","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.19.1857","article-title":"Diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin (DCLHb) in the treatment of severe traumatic hemorrhagic shock: a randomized controlled efficacy trial","volume":"282","author":"Sloan","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2008.09.023","article-title":"Human polymerized hemoglobin for the treatment of hemorrhagic shock when blood is unavailable: the USA multicenter trial","volume":"208","author":"Moore","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2304","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.19.jrv80007","article-title":"Cell-free hemoglobin-based blood substitutes and risk of myocardial infarction and death: a meta-analysis","volume":"299","author":"Natanson","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-3023-4_58","article-title":"PEGylated bovine carboxyhemoglobin (SANGUINATE\u2122): results of clinical safety testing and use in patients","volume":"876","author":"Abuchowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.12934","article-title":"SANGUINATE (PEGylated Carboxyhemoglobin Bovine): mechanism of action and clinical update","volume":"41","author":"Abuchowski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Artif Organs."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.12341","article-title":"PEGylated carboxyhemoglobin bovine (SANGUINATE): results of a phase I clinical trial","volume":"38","author":"Misra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Artif Organs."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjhh.2016.08.004","article-title":"A phase Ib open label, randomized, safety study of SANGUINATE\u2122 in patients with sickle cell anemia","volume":"39","author":"Misra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-017-0418-3","article-title":"SANGUINATE\u2122 (PEGylated Carboxyhemoglobin Bovine) improves cerebral blood flow to vulnerable brain regions at risk of delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"27","author":"Dhar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2018.09.006","article-title":"Pegylated bovine carboxyhemoglobin (Sanguinate) in a Jehovah\u2019s Witness undergoing liver transplant: a case report","volume":"50","author":"Holzner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1213\/XAA.0000000000000901","article-title":"Bovine hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier treatment in a severely anemic Jehovah\u2019s Witness patient after cystoprostatectomy and nephrectomy: a case report","volume":"12","author":"Brotman","year":"2019","journal-title":"A A Pract."},{"journal-title":"J Pharm Pract.","article-title":"Early experiences with PEGylated carboxyhemoglobin bovine in anemic Jehovah\u2019s Witnesses: a case series and review of the literature [published online December 5, 2018]","author":"McConachie","key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0020"},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2016.10.006","article-title":"Use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy and PEGylated carboxyhemoglobin bovine in a Jehovah\u2019s Witness with life-threatening anemia following postpartum hemorrhage","volume":"29","author":"Thenuwara","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Obstet Anesth."},{"key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1111\/tme.12407","article-title":"Pegylated bovine carboxyhaemoglobin utilisation in a thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura patient","volume":"27","author":"Sam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transfus Med."},{"author":"Komatsu","key":"2019110221455722300_CIT0023"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcp\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ajcp\/aqz175\/30342629\/aqz175.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcp\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ajcp\/aqz175\/30342629\/aqz175.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,3]],"date-time":"2019-11-03T01:46:13Z","timestamp":1572745573000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcp\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1093\/ajcp\/aqz175\/5611205"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,2]]},"references-count":23,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcp\/aqz175","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9173","1943-7722"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0002-9173"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1943-7722"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,2]]},"article-number":"aqz175"}}