{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T06:24:24Z","timestamp":1783578264716,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]],"date-time":"2020-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582156800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F31DA044699"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31DA044699"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In 2011, Florida established a prescription drug monitoring program and adopted new regulations for independent pain-management clinics. We examined the association of those reforms with drug overdose deaths and other injury fatalities. Florida\u2019s postreform monthly mortality rates\u2014for drug-involved deaths, motor vehicle crashes, and suicide by means other than poisoning\u2014were compared with a counterfactual estimate of what those rates would have been absent reform. The counterfactual was estimated using a Bayesian structural time-series model based on mortality trends in similar states. By December 2013, drug overdose deaths were down 17% (95% credible interval: \u221221, \u221212), motor vehicle crash deaths were down 9% (95% credible interval: \u221214, \u22124), and suicide deaths were unchanged compared with what would be expected in the absence of reform. Florida\u2019s opioid prescribing reform substantially reduced drug overdose deaths. Reforms may also have reduced motor vehicle crash deaths but were not associated with a change in suicides. More research is needed to understand these patterns. Bayesian structural time-series modeling is a promising new approach to interrupted time-series studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwaa015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,18]],"date-time":"2020-02-18T20:12:16Z","timestamp":1582056736000},"page":"885-893","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Florida\u2019s Opioid Crackdown and Mortality From Drug Overdose, Motor Vehicle Crashes, and Suicide: A Bayesian Interrupted Time-Series Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"189","author":[{"given":"Kenneth A","family":"Feder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramin","family":"Mojtabai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A","family":"Stuart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashelle","family":"Musci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth J","family":"Letourneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020082405570454900_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031914-122957","article-title":"The prescription opioid and heroin crisis: a public health approach to an epidemic of addiction","volume":"36","author":"Kolodny","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annu Rev Public Health"},{"key":"2020082405570454900_ref2","article-title":"Overdose death rates","author":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"},{"key":"2020082405570454900_ref3","author":"National Center for Injury Prevention and Control","year":"2016"},{"key":"2020082405570454900_ref4","article-title":"Associations of nonmedical pain reliever use and initiation of heroin use in the United States","author":"Muhuri","year":"2013"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020082405570454900_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12502","article-title":"Exploring synthetic heroin: accounts of acetyl fentanyl use from a sample of dually diagnosed drug offenders","volume":"37","author":"Miller","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Rev"},{"key":"2020082405570454900_ref6","article-title":"Florida opioid summary","author":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"},{"key":"2020082405570454900_ref7","volume-title":"Non-Medical Use of Prescription Drugs: Policy Change, Law Enforcement Activity, and Diversion Tactics","author":"Gau","year":"2017"},{"issue":"10","key":"2020082405570454900_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2015.3931","article-title":"Effect of Florida\u2019s prescription drug monitoring program and pill mill laws on opioid prescribing and use","volume":"175","author":"Rutkow","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"2020082405570454900_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.02.010","article-title":"Abrupt decline in oxycodone-caused mortality after implementation of Florida\u2019s prescription drug monitoring program","volume":"150","author":"Delcher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020082405570454900_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302953","article-title":"Opioid overdose deaths and Florida\u2019s crackdown on pill mills","volume":"106","author":"Kennedy-Hendricks","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"2020082405570454900_ref11","volume-title":"Alcohol-Impaired Driving","author":"National Center for Statistics and Analysis, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration","year":"2018"},{"key":"2020082405570454900_ref12","volume-title":"Treatment Options: A Guide for People Living With Pain","author":"Altilio","year":"2007"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020082405570454900_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2009.06.030","article-title":"The association between opioid analgesics and unsafe driving actions preceding fatal crashes","volume":"42","author":"Dubois","year":"2010","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020082405570454900_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1080\/J354v16n01_03","article-title":"Can patients taking opioids drive safely? 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