{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:53:56Z","timestamp":1790776436976,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]],"date-time":"2022-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Social distancing measures introduced on March 12, 2020, in Denmark during the COVID-19 pandemic may affect non\u2013COVID-19 admissions for severe acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (s-AECOPD). We compared rates of s-AECOPD in a nationwide, observational, semi-experimental cohort study using data from all Danish inhabitants between calendar week 1 through 25 in 2019 and 2020. In a sub-cohort of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, we examined incidence of s-AECOPD, admissions to an intensive care unit, and all-cause mortality. A total of 3.0 million inhabitants aged \u226540 years, corresponding to 3.0 million person-years, were followed for s-AECOPD. In the social distancing period in 2020, there were 6,212 incidents of s-AECOPD, compared with 11,260 incidents in 2019, resulting in a 45% relative risk reduction. In the cohort with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n\u00a0=\u00a016,675), we observed a lower risk of s-AECOPD in the social distancing period (subdistribution hazard ratio (HR) = 0.34, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.33, 0.36; absolute risk: 25.4% in 2020 and 42.8% in 2019). The risk of admissions to an intensive care unit was reduced (subdistribution HR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.87), as was all-cause mortality (HR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.76, 0.90). Overall, the social distancing period was associated with a significant risk reduction for hospital admittance with s-AECOPD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwab292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T12:25:52Z","timestamp":1640175952000},"page":"874-885","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Social Distancing in Relation to Severe Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Nationwide Semi-Experimental Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"191","author":[{"given":"Mohamad Isam","family":"Saeed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pradeesh","family":"Sivapalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josefin","family":"Ekl\u00f6f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte Suppli","family":"Ulrik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Browatzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulla M\u00f8ller","family":"Weinreich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torben Tranborg","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tor","family":"Biering-S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens-Ulrik St\u00e6hr","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022050522344531100_ref1","volume-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease fact sheet","author":"World Health Organization"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022050522344531100_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2005.00718.x","article-title":"Outcomes and health-related quality of life following hospitalization for an acute exacerbation of COPD","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022050522344531100_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0909883","article-title":"Susceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"363","author":"Hurst","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2022050522344531100_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2019.08.010","article-title":"A phase III study of triple therapy with budesonide\/glycopyrrolate\/formoterol fumarate metered dose inhaler 320\/18\/9.6 \u03bcg and 160\/18\/9.6 \u03bcg using co-suspension delivery technology in moderate-to-very severe COPD: the ETHOS study protocol","volume":"158","author":"Rabe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"2022050522344531100_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1713901","article-title":"Once-daily single-inhaler triple versus dual therapy in patients with COPD","volume":"378","author":"Lipson","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2022050522344531100_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180545","article-title":"Effects of reactive social distancing on the 1918 influenza pandemic","volume":"12","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022050522344531100_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-5446-1","article-title":"Effectiveness of workplace social distancing measures in reducing influenza transmission: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Ahmed","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022050522344531100_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30162-6","article-title":"Interventions to mitigate early spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore: a modelling study","volume":"20","author":"Koo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022050522344531100_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2005.041822","article-title":"COPD exacerbations. 2: Aetiology","volume":"61","author":"Sapey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2022050522344531100_ref10","volume-title":"COVID-19 in Denmark. 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