{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T11:37:54Z","timestamp":1788867474571,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]],"date-time":"2023-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1K01ES032458"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1K01ES032458"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG060232"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG060232"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5T32ES007142"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5T32ES007142"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01ES032418"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01ES032418"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Little epidemiologic research has focused on pollution-related risks in medically vulnerable or marginalized groups. Using a nationwide 50%\u00a0random sample of 2008\u20132016 Medicare Part D\u2013eligible fee-for-service participants in the United States, we identified a cohort with high-risk conditions for cardiovascular and thromboembolic events (CTEs) and linked individuals with seasonal average zip-code\u2013level concentrations of fine particulate matter (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter \u2264 2.5 \u03bcm (PM2.5)). We assessed the relationship between seasonal PM2.5 exposure and hospitalization for each of 7 CTE-related causes using history-adjusted marginal structural models with adjustment for individual demographic and neighborhood socioeconomic variables, as well as baseline comorbidity, health behaviors, and health-service measures. We examined effect modification across geographically and demographically defined subgroups. The cohort included 1,934,453 individuals with high-risk conditions (mean age = 77 years; 60% female, 87% White). A 1-\u03bcg\/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure was significantly associated with increased risk of 6 out of 7 types of CTE hospitalization. Strong increases were observed for transient ischemic attack (hazard ratio (HR)\u00a0=\u00a01.039, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.034, 1.044), venous thromboembolism (HR\u00a0=\u00a01.031, 95% CI: 1.027, 1.035), and heart failure (HR\u00a0=\u00a01.019, 95% CI: 1.017, 1.020). Asian Americans were found to be particularly susceptible to thromboembolic effects of PM2.5 (venous thromboembolism: HR\u00a0=\u00a01.063, 95% CI: 1.021, 1.106), while Native Americans were most vulnerable to cerebrovascular effects (transient ischemic attack: HR\u00a0=\u00a01.093, 95% CI: 1.030, 1.161).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwad089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,18]],"date-time":"2023-04-18T08:37:08Z","timestamp":1681807028000},"page":"1358-1370","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Air Pollution and Cardiovascular and Thromboembolic Events in Older Adults With High-Risk Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"192","author":[{"given":"Rachel C","family":"Nethery","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Josey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poonam","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung 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