{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T04:10:07Z","timestamp":1747973407513,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]],"date-time":"2024-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Child Health and Development","award":["R01HD109005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HD109005"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K99HL161355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K99HL161355"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The objective of this study was to estimate the effect of geographic variation in historic slavery on perinatal outcomes (chronic hypertension, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [HDP], very preterm birth [VPTB], or very low birth weight birth [VLBW]) among Black people living in states where slavery was legal in 1860; and to test mediation by Black homeownership. We linked data on the proportion of enslaved residents from the 1860 Census to natality data on outcomes (2013-2021) using resident county. The percentage of Black residents in a county who owned their home was a potential mediator. We fit log binomial models to estimate risk ratios (RRs) representing total and controlled direct effects (accounting for Black homeownership) of the proportion enslaved on outcomes, accounting for potential confounding, using marginal structural models. Among 2\u2009443\u2009198 included births, 8.8% (213\u2009829) experienced HDP, 4.1% (100\u2009549) chronic hypertension, 3.3% (81\u2009072) VPTB, and 2.6% (62\u2009538) VLBW. There was an increase in chronic hypertension and VPTB risk, but not HDP or VLBW, in counties with a 10% greater proportion of enslaved residents in 1860 (adjusted RR [95% CI], chronic hypertension: 1.06 [1.02-1.1]; VPTB: 1.02 [1.00-1.05]; HDP: 1.00 [0.98-1.02]; and VLBW: 1.01 [1.00-1.03]). There was not evidence of mediation by Black homeownership. We conclude that historic slavery remains relevant for perinatal health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwae138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]],"date-time":"2024-06-30T11:37:09Z","timestamp":1719747429000},"page":"1684-1692","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Slavery, homeownership, and contemporary perinatal outcomes in the southeast: a test of mediation and moderation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"193","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1540-3059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaitlyn K","family":"Stanhope","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University School of Medicine Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, , Atlanta, Georgia,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Department of Epidemiology, , Atlanta, Georgia,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6372-6170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael R","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Department of Epidemiology, , Atlanta, Georgia,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Izraelle","family":"McKinnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Department of Epidemiology, , Atlanta, Georgia,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sierra","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia State College of Arts & Sciences Department of Psychology, , Atlanta, Georgia,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7638-7374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheree L","family":"Boulet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University School of Medicine Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, , Atlanta, Georgia,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"2025052206512963200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.90.8.1212","article-title":"Levels of racism: a theoretic framework and a gardener\u2019s tale","volume":"90","author":"Jones","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025052206512963200_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-040218-043750","article-title":"Racism and health: evidence and needed research","volume":"40","author":"Williams","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu Rev Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025052206512963200_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.93.2.272","article-title":"The health and physique of the Negro American","volume":"93","author":"DuBois","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025052206512963200_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1086\/666384","article-title":"Northward migration and the rise of racial disparity in American incarceration, 1880-1950","volume":"118","author":"Muller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Sociol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025052206512963200_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnma.2021.02.002","article-title":"Black lives and the police","volume":"113","author":"Brown","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Natl Med Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025052206512963200_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1080\/02732173.2017.1287614","article-title":"The legacy of lynching? 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