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We studied interconnected determinants of cardiovascular health, including physical activity (PA; based on accelerometry for 2 weeks), muscular strength (measured by handgrip strength), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF; measured by 4-min step test), and cardiac autonomic function (heart rate [HR] recovery, HR variability, and baroreflex sensitivity) among 46-year-old adults from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort born postterm (n\u00a0=\u00a0805) and at term (n\u00a0=\u00a02645). Adults born postterm undertook vigorous PA 2.0\u00a0min day\u22121 (95% CI, 0.4-3.7) less than term-born adults when adjusted for sex, age, and maternal- and pregnancy-related covariates in multiple linear regression. Postterm birth was associated with reduced CRF, based on a higher peak HR (2.1\u00a0bpm; 95% CI, 0.9-3.4) and slower HR recovery 30\u00a0s after the step test (\u22120.7\u00a0bpm; 95% CI, \u22121.3 to \u22120.1). Postterm birth was associated with less PA of vigorous intensity and CRF and slower HR recovery in middle age. Our findings reinforce previous suggestions that postterm birth should be included as a perinatal risk factor for adult cardiometabolic disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwae150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]],"date-time":"2024-06-26T00:31:40Z","timestamp":1719361900000},"page":"766-778","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Physical activity, fitness, and cardiac autonomic function among adults born postterm"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"194","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4068-5967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P\u00e4ivi","family":"Oksanen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oulu Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, , Oulu,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki and Oulu,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Medical Research Center Oulu, , Oulu,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marjaana","family":"Tikanm\u00e4ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oulu Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, , Oulu,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare , Helsinki and Oulu,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Medical Research Center Oulu, , Oulu,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5598-9109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikko P","family":"Tulppo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Medical Research Center Oulu, , Oulu,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"University of Oulu Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, , Oulu,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1008-3263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maisa","family":"Niemel\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Medical Research Center Oulu, , Oulu,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"University of Oulu Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, , Oulu,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3627-0542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raija","family":"Korpelainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Medical Research Center Oulu, , Oulu,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"University of Oulu Research Unit of Population Health, , Oulu,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr. 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