{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T21:15:46Z","timestamp":1774127746706,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>We investigated associations between neighborhood walkability and physical activity using twins (5477 monozygotic and same-sex dizygotic pairs) as \u201cquasi-experimental\u201d controls of genetic and shared environment (familial) factors that would otherwise confound exposure-outcome associations. Walkability comprised intersection density, population density, and destination accessibility. Outcomes included self-reported weekly minutes of neighborhood walking and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and days per week using transit services (eg, bus, commuter rail). There was a positive association between walkability and walking, which remained significant after controlling for familial and demographic factors: a 1% increase in walkability was associated with a 0.42% increase in neighborhood walking. There was a positive association between walkability and MVPA, which was not significant after considering familial and demographic factors. In twins with at least 1 day of transit use, a 1-unit increase in log (walkability) was associated with a 6.7% increase in transit use days; this was not significant after considering familial and demographic factors. However, higher walkability reduced the probability of no transit use by 32%, considering familial and demographic factors. Using a twin design to improve causal inference, walkability was associated with walking, whereas walkability and both MVPA and absolute transit use were confounded by familial and demographic factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>This article is part of a Special Collection on Environmental Epidemiology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwae170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T17:22:47Z","timestamp":1734024167000},"page":"340-348","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Association between neighborhood walkability and physical activity in a community-based twin sample"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"194","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6909-1869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Glen E","family":"Duncan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, , Spokane, Washington 99202,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip M","family":"Hurvitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington Center for Studies in Demography & Ecology and Urban Form Lab, , Seattle, Washington 98195,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bethany D","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, , Spokane, Washington 99202,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ally R","family":"Avery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, , Spokane, Washington 99202,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1467-7154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew J D","family":"Pilgrim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California Department of Psychology, , Los Angeles, California 90082,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siny","family":"Tsang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Virginia Department of Anesthesiology, , Charlottesville, Virginia 22904,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ofer","family":"Amram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, , Spokane, Washington 99202,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Washington State University Paul G. 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