{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T23:44:53Z","timestamp":1768779893318,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Missouri College of Arts and Sciences Heart of Mizzou Endowment"},{"name":"Centre for Advanced Study at the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The 1918-1920 influenza pandemic devastated Alaska\u2019s Indigenous populations. We report on quantitative analyses of pandemic deaths due to pneumonia and influenza (P&amp;I) using information from Alaska death certificates dating between 1915 and 1921 (n\u00a0=\u00a07147). Goals include a reassessment of pandemic death numbers, analysis of P&amp;I deaths beyond 1919, estimates of excess mortality patterns overall and by age using intercensal population estimates based on Alaska\u2019s demographic history, and comparisons between Alaska Native (AN) and non-AN residents. Results indicate that ANs experienced 83% of all P&amp;I deaths and 87% of all-cause excess deaths during the pandemic. Alaska Native mortality was 8.1 times higher than non-AN mortality. Analyses also uncovered previously unknown mortality peaks in 1920. Both subpopulations showed characteristically high mortality of young adults, possibly due to imprinting with the 1889-1890 pandemic virus, but their age-specific mortality patterns were different: non-AN mortality declined after age 25-29 and stayed relatively low for the elderly, while AN mortality increased after age 25-29, peaked at age 40-44, and remained high up to age 64. This suggests a relative lack of exposure to H1-type viruses pre-1889 among AN persons. In contrast, non-AN persons, often temporary residents, may have gained immunity before moving to Alaska.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwae173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]],"date-time":"2024-07-03T09:00:15Z","timestamp":1719997215000},"page":"152-161","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Death on the permafrost: revisiting the 1918-1920 influenza pandemic in Alaska using death certificates"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"194","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4534-3392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Sattenspiel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri Department of Anthropology, , Columbia, MI,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3980-3818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Svenn-Erik","family":"Mamelund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo Metropolitan 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