{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T01:50:44Z","timestamp":1785894644992,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Health Initiative (WHI) Program, which is supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","award":["HHSN268201600004C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201600004C"]}]},{"name":"Women\u2019s Health Initiative (WHI) Program, which is supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","award":["HHSN268201600003C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201600003C"]}]},{"name":"Women\u2019s Health Initiative (WHI) Program, which is supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","award":["HHSN268201600002C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201600002C"]}]},{"name":"Women\u2019s Health Initiative (WHI) Program, which is supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","award":["HHSN268201600001C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201600001C"]}]},{"name":"Women\u2019s Health Initiative (WHI) Program, which is supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","award":["HHSN268201600018C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201600018C"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 CA015704"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA015704"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 CA119171"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 CA119171"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K00 CA253745"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K00 CA253745"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We developed calibration equations using metabolomics from fasting blood and 24-hour urine for Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 to address measurement error from self-reported diet. We examined associations between metabolomic-calibrated dietary patterns and cancer risk in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) (n\u00a0=\u00a0108\u2009522). Metabolomic signatures were created from a WHI Feeding (n\u00a0=\u00a0153; 2010-2014) and WHI Observational Study (n\u00a0=\u00a0450; 2006-2009). Dietary patterns were regressed on metabolites using the feeding study food intake records. Metabolomic-based dietary patterns were estimated from 24-hour dietary recalls, food frequency questionnaire and 4-day food record in the Observational Study using a stepwise approach. Cox regression estimated cancer risk of metabolomic-calibrated dietary patterns with a median follow-up of 15.8\u00a0years. Adjusted R2 for HEI-2010 and Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 calibration equations were 57.5% and 48.8% for food frequency questionnaire, 61.6% and 62.6% for 4-day food record, and 52.5% and 53.2% for dietary recalls. Without calibration, a 20% increment in HEI-2010 was associated with lower risk of colorectal (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.90-0.99), lung (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.86-0.94), bladder (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.75-0.99), and total invasive cancers (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96-0.99). With metabolomic calibration, higher HEI-2010 was associated with lower risk of lung (HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.71-0.88) and total invasive cancers (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.92-1.00). Metabolomic-calibrated dietary patterns might mitigate measurement errors and strengthen diet\u2013cancer associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Trial registration: \u00a0www.whi.org<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwaf259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T09:43:22Z","timestamp":1764668602000},"page":"2273-2286","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Calibrated dietary patterns and cancer risk in the women\u2019s health initiative cohorts"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"195","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3086-1285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaochen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center , 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University , 3650 Olentangy River Road, Suite 200, Columbus, OH 43210 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sowmya","family":"Vasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Health Initiative Coordinating Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center , 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6562-870X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center , 984375 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ross L","family":"Prentice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center , 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandi L","family":"Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center , 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lesley","family":"Tinker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Health Initiative Coordinating Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center , 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Raftery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center , 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington , 850 Republican Street, Room C429, Seattle, WA 98109 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. A. Nagana","family":"Gowda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington , 850 Republican Street, Room C429, Seattle, WA 98109 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1362-5806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda","family":"Van Horn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , 680 North Lake shore Drive #1400, Chicago, IL 60651 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangbo","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center , 66 N. Pauline, suite 633, Memphis, TN 38163 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fred K","family":"Tabung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center , 410 West 12th Avenue, 302B Wiseman Hall\/CCC, Columbus, OH 43210 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3546-2566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathy","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology\/Oncology, Kaiser Permanente , 9400 E Rosecrans Ave, Bellflower, CA 90706 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna W","family":"Lampe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center , 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, 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