{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T15:15:54Z","timestamp":1780499754275,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"multiple anonymous donations to the IU Foundation and by Eli Lilly and Company"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Psychological stress can cause diminished immune response to infectious challenges. The extent this holds true during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the modifying effect of vaccination status is untested. We explored these relationships in a non-random sample standardized to the US adult population. Across 2178 participants in the Aegis study (2021-2022), we identified 507 eligible laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections. We estimated the natural log of nucleocapsid-binding antibody absorbance (N-antibody) at study visits up to 225\u00a0days following a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. Linear mixed effects models were fit to estimate the association of baseline perceived stress and, separately, allostatic load with N-antibody trajectories. Standardization was performed using iterative post-stratification weighting. Consistently, lower stress groups had higher N-antibody response. Low perceived stress was associated with greater antibody response up to 26\u00a0days post-positive test (P\u00a0=\u00a0.047) while low allostatic load was associated with greater antibody response up to 24\u00a0days (P\u00a0=\u00a0.049). Pre-infection vaccination modified the relationship between stress and N-antibody trajectories, where the observed relationships attenuated to the null for vaccinated individuals (P\u00a0=\u00a0.031). Overall, we found consistent evidence that high stress was associated with reduced N-antibody response following SARS-CoV-2 infection and that vaccination may narrow the antibody response across high versus low stress groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwag048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T12:50:36Z","timestamp":1772628636000},"page":"1624-1633","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The relationship between psychological stress and SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid-antibody response following natural infection: longitudinal findings from the Aegis study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"195","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0702-2512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika T","family":"Beidelman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington , Bloomington, IN ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Robert N. 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LLC , Washington, DC ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon","family":"Macy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington , Bloomington, IN ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanley","family":"Perlman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0779-810X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina","family":"Ludema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington , Bloomington, IN ,","place":["United 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