{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:51:47Z","timestamp":1791348707615,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000196","name":"Canada Foundation for Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41224"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Canada Research Chairs Program","award":["CRC-2020-00112"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRC-2020-00112"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0517h6h17","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000155","name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["752-2023-1521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["752-2023-1521"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000155","name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["430-2023-00246"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["430-2023-00246"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000155","name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["435-2021-0259"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["435-2021-0259"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A promising avenue for improving physical health and reducing health risks in older adulthood is intervening on transdiagnostic protective factors\u2014those that form the mechanisms of several diseases. A potential candidate for a transdiagnostic protective factor is subjective well-being (SWB). Despite accumulating evidence favoring SWB as a protective factor, individual studies tend to neglect the cumulative effect of publication bias, explicitly specifying a causal model, and the possibility of alternative causal models that guide the selection of confounders. Using 3 waves of longitudinal data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging with a sample of 51\u2009338 older adults, we tested whether the relationships between life satisfaction and 23 health outcomes (e.g., cancer, arthritis, asthma) were robust to alternative causal model specifications. An increase in life satisfaction, according to the preferred causal model, predicted a 3%-31% reduction in the risk of diagnosis for several health outcomes 3\u00a0years later\u2014including osteoarthritis, movement disorders, and respiratory tract diseases\u2014and predicted greater self-rated general health. Importantly, these effects persisted under different causal model specifications. These results suggest that life satisfaction is prospectively linked to multiple positive health outcomes and demonstrate the value of an analytical framework that acknowledges the uncertainty inherent in confounder selection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwag088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T09:17:09Z","timestamp":1776935829000},"page":"2528-2536","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The link between life satisfaction and outcome-wide health: evidence from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"195","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0845-4480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia L","family":"Panasiuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4867-869X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura C","family":"Rosella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6158-042X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Page-Gould","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7826-7405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2026100700415259300_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2091","article-title":"The elephant in the room\u2014healthy brains in later life, epidemiology and public health","volume":"8","author":"Brayne","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2026100700415259300_ref2","volume-title":"Cognitive Aging, Dementia, and the Future of an Aging Population","author":"Langa KM","year":"2018"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026100700415259300_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afn061","article-title":"The oldest old in England and Wales: a descriptive analysis based on the MRC cognitive function and ageing study","volume":"37","author":"Xie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"2026100700415259300_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2017.00335","article-title":"Age-related diseases and clinical and public health implications for the 85\u2009years old and over population","volume":"5","author":"Jaul","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026100700415259300_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201439518","article-title":"Living too long","volume":"16","author":"Brown","year":"2015","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026100700415259300_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.95.3.542","article-title":"Subjective well-being","volume":"95","author":"Diener","year":"1984","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100700415259300_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0009.12497","article-title":"Life satisfaction and subsequent physical, behavioral, and psychosocial health in older adults","volume":"99","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Milbank Q"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026100700415259300_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s10902-008-9127-0","article-title":"Effects of happiness on all-cause mortality during 15 years of follow-up: the Arnhem elderly study","volume":"11","author":"Koopmans","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Happiness Stud"},{"issue":"10021","key":"2026100700415259300_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01087-9","article-title":"Does happiness itself directly affect mortality? 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