{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T23:56:17Z","timestamp":1792108577090,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,2]],"date-time":"2021-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 HL007024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 HL007024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL133618"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL133618"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG062502"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG062502"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30GM103337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30GM103337"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL117323"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL117323"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) for US adults increases with age. Determining characteristics of US adults \u226565 years with normal blood pressure (BP) may inform approaches to prevent this increase.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We analyzed US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011\u20132018 data (n = 21,581). BP was measured up to 3 times and averaged. Normal BP was defined as SBP &amp;lt;120 mm Hg and diastolic BP (DBP) &amp;lt;80 mm Hg among participants not taking antihypertensive medication. Those with SBP \u2265120 mm Hg, DBP \u226580 mm Hg, self-reporting having hypertension or taking antihypertensive medication were categorized as having elevated BP or hypertension.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The prevalence of normal BP was 57.8%, 25.3%, 11.2%, and 5.0% among US adults who were 18\u201344, 45\u201364, 65\u201374, and \u226575 years, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, in US adults \u226565 years of age, normal BP vs. elevated BP\/hypertension was more common among those with moderate and no vs. heavy alcohol consumption (prevalence ratio [PR] 3.03; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25\u20137.36 and 2.53; 95% CI 0.96\u20136.65, respectively), \u2265150 vs. &amp;lt;150 minutes of physical activity per week (PR = 1.44; 95% CI 1.01\u20132.05), overweight and normal weight vs. obesity (PR = 1.88; 95% CI 1.22\u20132.90 and 2.94; 95% CI 1.89\u20134.59, respectively), and a high Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score (PR = 1.43; 95% CI 1.00\u20132.05). US adults \u226565 years with normal BP vs. elevated BP\/hypertension were less likely to have good or fair\/poor vs. excellent\/very good self-rated health, diabetes, albuminuria, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and heart failure.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among US adults \u226565 years, normal BP was associated with healthy lifestyle factors and a lower prevalence of adverse health conditions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpab154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T20:01:04Z","timestamp":1633032064000},"page":"319-327","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Age-Specific Prevalence and Factors Associated With Normal Blood Pressure Among US Adults"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Paul","family":"Muntner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byron C","family":"Jaeger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shakia T","family":"Hardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Foti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore, Maryland , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristi","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Pasadena, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul K","family":"Whelton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine , New Orleans, Louisiana , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C Barrett","family":"Bowling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center , Durham, North Carolina , USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.285122","article-title":"Blood pressure trajectories in early adulthood and subclinical atherosclerosis in middle age","volume":"311","author":"Allen","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.16278","article-title":"Maintaining normal blood pressure across the life course: the JHS","volume":"77","author":"Hardy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.11.005","article-title":"2017 ACC\/AHA\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACPM\/AGS\/APhA\/ASH\/ASPC\/NMA\/PCNA Guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"71","author":"Whelton","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.15.1882","article-title":"Primary prevention of hypertension: clinical and public health advisory from The National High Blood Pressure Education Program","volume":"288","author":"Whelton","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0005","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2019"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0006","first-page":"1","article-title":"National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2015\u20132018: sample design and estimation procedures","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat 2"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006","article-title":"A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate","volume":"150","author":"Levey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2012.06.364","article-title":"Consistency with the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet among adults with diabetes","volume":"112","author":"Morton","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Acad Nutr Diet"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2016.09.009","article-title":"Diagnostic status of hypertension on the adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet","volume":"4","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2007.119","article-title":"Deteriorating dietary habits among adults with hypertension: DASH dietary accordance, NHANES 1988\u20131994 and 1999\u20132004","volume":"168","author":"Mellen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2017.7023","article-title":"Blood pressure trajectories in the 20 years before death","volume":"178","author":"Delgado","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b1665","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b1665","article-title":"Use of blood pressure lowering drugs in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of 147 randomised trials in the context of expectations from prospective epidemiological studies","volume":"338","author":"Law","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X19874221","article-title":"kg_nchs: a command for Korn-Graubard confidence intervals and National Center for Health Statistics\u2019 Data Presentation Standards for Proportions","volume":"19","author":"Ward","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stata J"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.14.3.238","article-title":"Blood pressure in four remote populations in the INTERSALT Study","volume":"14","author":"Carvalho","year":"1989","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e108","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(17)30003-8","article-title":"The effect of a reduction in alcohol consumption on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"2","author":"Roerecke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-136-7-200204020-00006","article-title":"Effect of aerobic exercise on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials","volume":"136","author":"Whelton","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000094221.86888.AE","article-title":"Influence of weight reduction on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"42","author":"Neter","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050371","article-title":"Blood pressure effects of sodium reduction: dose-response meta-analysis of experimental studies","volume":"143","author":"Filippini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e197597","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.7597","article-title":"Trends in adherence to the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans for aerobic activity and time spent on sedentary behavior among US adults, 2007 to 2016","volume":"2","author":"Du","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.14590","article-title":"Trends in obesity prevalence by race and Hispanic origin\u20141999\u20132000 to 2017\u20132018","volume":"324","author":"Ogden","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.20356","article-title":"A national commitment to improve the care of patients with hypertension in the US","volume":"324","author":"Adams","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0022","first-page":"2083","article-title":"Effects of comprehensive lifestyle modification on blood pressure control: main results of the PREMIER clinical trial","volume":"289","author":"Appel","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000037217.96002.8E","article-title":"Results of the Diet, Exercise, and Weight Loss Intervention Trial (DEW-IT)","volume":"40","author":"Miller","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.1731","article-title":"Association of normal systolic blood pressure level with cardiovascular disease in the absence of risk factors","volume":"5","author":"Whelton","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"2022100713223642300_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpab051","article-title":"Association of stage 1 hypertension defined by the ACC\/AHA 2017 guideline with asymptomatic coronary atherosclerosis","volume":"34","author":"Yoon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Hypertension"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajh\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ajh\/hpab154\/40576081\/hpab154.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajh\/article-pdf\/35\/4\/319\/46374203\/hpab154.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajh\/article-pdf\/35\/4\/319\/46374203\/hpab154.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,7]],"date-time":"2022-10-07T14:20:25Z","timestamp":1665152425000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajh\/article\/35\/4\/319\/6380297"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,2]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajh\/hpab154","relation":{},"ISSN":["0895-7061","1941-7225"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0895-7061","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-7225","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,2]]}}}