{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T22:03:29Z","timestamp":1791237809683,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Aortic diameters are related to age, sex, and body size. There is a scarcity of data on the long-term sequelae of a hypertensive response to exercise (HRE) on aortic diameters. In this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the growth rates of the aorta in individuals with a HRE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our analysis included follow-up data of 649 patients recruited between January 2009 and December 2014 with a HRE. Participants with known connective tissue disease or a history of acute aortic syndrome were excluded. Sinus of Valsalva (SoV) and ascending aorta (AscAo) diameters were measured by transthoracic echocardiography using leading edge to leading edge convention at end-diastole.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At baseline, median age, maximum systolic blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), diameter of the SoV, and AscAo were 62 years, 208 mm Hg, 26.9 kg\/m2, 35 mm, and 35 mm respectively. 32% of patients were female and 67% had hypertension. After a median follow-up of 7.1 years, mean yearly growth rates (\u00b1SD) of the SoV and AscAo were 0.09 (0.41) mm and 0.13 (0.56) mm, respectively. No significant associations were observed between growth rates of aortic diameters and maximum systolic and diastolic BP or when considering only individuals with a baseline diameter &amp;gt;40 mm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this large cohort study, maximum systolic and diastolic BP during exercise showed no association with growth rates of aortic diameters. Furthermore, the mean growth rates of aortic diameters in this population were in line with growth rates in a normal population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpae050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,27]],"date-time":"2024-04-27T15:40:08Z","timestamp":1714232408000},"page":"604-611","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of a Hypertensive Response During Exercise on Growth Rates of Aortic Diameters"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5847-188X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan Gerrit","family":"van der Stouwe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital Basel, Cardiology , Basel , Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina A","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Ghidoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"W\u00fcrzburger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Wiech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Schweiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gloria","family":"Petrasch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hochgebirgsklinik , Medicine Campus Davos, Davos , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Moser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian M","family":"Schmied","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Vontobel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hochgebirgsklinik , Medicine Campus Davos, Davos , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9897-5839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Caselli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"},{"name":"Herzgefaesszentrum im Park, Hirslanden Klinik im Park , Zurich , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3089-1222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Niederseer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland"},{"name":"Hochgebirgsklinik , Medicine Campus Davos, Davos , Switzerland"},{"name":"Christine K\u00fchne Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE) , Medicine Campus Davos, Davos , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2873","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu281","article-title":"2014 ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of aortic diseases: document covering acute and chronic aortic diseases of the thoracic and abdominal aorta of the adult. The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Aortic Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)","volume":"35","author":"Erbel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e001513","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.114.001513","article-title":"Risk profiles for aortic dissection and ruptured or surgically treated aneurysms: a prospective cohort study","volume":"4","author":"Landenhed","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAHA"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.05156","article-title":"Determinants of aortic root dilatation and reference values among young adults over a 20-year period: coronary artery risk development in young adults study","volume":"66","author":"Teixido-Tura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2009.03.012","article-title":"Gender, age, and body surface area are the major determinants of ascending aorta dimensions in subjects with apparently normal echocardiograms","volume":"22","author":"Biaggi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.91.3.734","article-title":"Determinants of echocardiographic aortic root size: the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"91","author":"Vasan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.056546","article-title":"Blood pressure, hypertension, and the risk of aortic dissection incidence and mortality: results from the J-SCH Study, the UK biobank study, and a meta-analysis of cohort studies","volume":"145","author":"Hibino","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000264","article-title":"Aortic root diameter and risk of cardiovascular events in a general population: data from the PAMELA study","volume":"32","author":"Cuspidi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.28.1.47","article-title":"Effect of hypertension on aortic root size and prevalence of aortic regurgitation","volume":"28","author":"Kim","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1928","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000286","article-title":"Echocardiographic aortic root dilatation in hypertensive patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Covella","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.84.3.277","article-title":"Clinical and patho-anatomical factors affecting expansion of thoracic aortic aneurysms","volume":"84","author":"Bonser","year":"2000","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.37.5.1229","article-title":"Aortic root dilatation at sinuses of valsalva and aortic regurgitation in hypertensive and normotensive subjects: the hypertension genetic epidemiology network study","volume":"37","author":"Palmieri","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.937839","article-title":"Aortic root remodeling over the adult life course: longitudinal data from the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"122","author":"Lam","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2013.05.068","article-title":"Aortic root dimensions and stiffness in healthy subjects","volume":"112","author":"Vriz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61031-9","article-title":"Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: an analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy","volume":"380","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1097\/CRD.0000000000000506","article-title":"Definitions for hypertensive response to exercise","volume":"32","author":"Ghidoni","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cardiol Rev"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fluiddyn.2004.08.005","article-title":"Remodeling of vascular endothelial cells exposed to fluid shear stress: experimental and numerical approach","volume":"37","author":"Ohashi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fluid Dyn Res"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.000974","article-title":"A meta-analysis of aortic root size in elite athletes","volume":"127","author":"Iskandar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.0054","article-title":"Association of ascending aortic dilatation and long-term endurance exercise among older masters-level athletes","volume":"5","author":"Churchill","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/8476751","article-title":"Hypertensive response to exercise in athletes: unremarkable finding or relevant marker for future cardiovascular complications?","volume":"2022","author":"W\u00fcrzburger","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Hypertens"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2016.01.011","article-title":"Recommendations for the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function by echocardiography: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging","volume":"29","author":"Nagueh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e334","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001106","article-title":"2022 ACC\/AHA Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Aortic Disease: a report of the American Heart Association\/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"146","author":"Isselbacher","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2022.110234","article-title":"Dilatation of the ascending aorta\u2014growth rate, risk factors and clinical outcomes in the long-term follow-up","volume":"150","author":"Kauhanen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2021.09.023","article-title":"Wall shear stress predicts aortic dilation in patients with bicuspid aortic valve","volume":"15","author":"Guala","year":"2022","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2021.06.020","article-title":"Association of regional wall shear stress and progressive ascending aorta dilation in bicuspid aortic valve","volume":"15","author":"Soulat","year":"2022","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging."},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2021-320574","article-title":"Longitudinal changes of thoracic aortic diameters in the general population aged 55 years or older","volume":"108","author":"Thijssen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4002","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-20-1275","article-title":"Diameter and growth rate of the thoracic aorta\u2014analysis based on serial computed tomography scans","volume":"12","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2019.06.010","article-title":"Growth of the thoracic aorta in the smoking population: the Danish lung cancer screening trial","volume":"299","author":"Bons","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3513","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-021-02354-5","article-title":"Transthoracic echocardiographic reference values of the aortic root: results from the Hamburg City Health Study","volume":"37","author":"Wenzel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.06.025","article-title":"Risk of aortic dissection in the moderately dilated ascending aorta","volume":"68","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.11851","article-title":"Sex differences in thoracic aortic aneurysm growth: role of aortic stiffness","volume":"73","author":"Boczar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2016.01.017","article-title":"Systematic review of the growth rates and influencing factors in thoracic aortic aneurysms","volume":"51","author":"Oladokun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2013.06.030","article-title":"A prospective study of growth and rupture risk of small-to-moderate size ascending aortic aneurysms","volume":"147","author":"Geisb\u00fcsch","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(99)80289-X","article-title":"Outcome and expansion rate of 57 thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms managed nonoperatively","volume":"170","author":"Cambria","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"010","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2000-7812","article-title":"Ascending aortic aneurysms &lt;4.5 cm for nonsyndromic adults: very slow growth and low risk","volume":"11","author":"Hiratzka","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aorta (Stamford)"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s13019-022-01761-6","article-title":"Growth rate of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms in a non-referral-based population","volume":"17","author":"Weininger","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2014.10.003","article-title":"Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging","volume":"28","author":"Lang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2012.01.055","article-title":"Acute type B aortic dissection in the absence of aortic dilatation","volume":"56","author":"Trimarchi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.702720","article-title":"Aortic diameter \u22655.5 cm is not a good predictor of type a aortic dissection: observations from the international registry of acute aortic dissection (IRAD)","volume":"116","author":"Pape","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-023-02195-3","article-title":"Hypertensive response to exercise, hypertension and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)\u2014a continuum of disease?","volume":"135","author":"Wiech","year":"2023","journal-title":"Wien Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"2024071505504626900_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2015.03.001","article-title":"Diseases of the aorta in elite athletes","volume":"34","author":"Iskandar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Hypertension"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajh\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ajh\/hpae050\/57552418\/hpae050.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajh\/article-pdf\/37\/8\/604\/58258428\/hpae050.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajh\/article-pdf\/37\/8\/604\/58258428\/hpae050.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T01:56:31Z","timestamp":1721008591000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajh\/article\/37\/8\/604\/7661029"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajh\/hpae050","relation":{},"ISSN":["0895-7061","1941-7225"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0895-7061","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-7225","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]}}}